" Familial and ethnic risk in inflammatory bowel disease"

Abstract

Familial aggregation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been established for several decades, reflecting shared genetic and environmental susceptibility. A positive family history remains the strongest recognizable risk factor for the development of IBD and is reported in around 8-12% of IBD patients. Crohn’s disease shows a more frequent familial pattern than ulcerative colitis. The risk of developing IBD in first-degree relatives of an affected proband is increased 4- to 8-fold. The risk for twins and children born from couples who both have IBD is also substantially higher; a cumulative effect of the number of family members affected has been described, with the highest incidence being described for families with three or more affected members. Herein, we review the available evidence regarding familial IBD, and briefly discuss the variation of IBD across different races and ethnicities, hoping to provide a useful update and a practical guide that can serve clinicians as a guide for counseling.

Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Psoriasis Patients Treated with Anti-Interleukin-17 Agents: A Bayesian Metaanalysis

“…93 First degree relatives of IBD patients have a 10-15-fold higher risk of developing IBD. 57,93 Positive family history has been reported as the strongest recognizable risk factor for IBD, 94 and was found to be the strongest risk factor in our study resulting in IL17i-related NNH of only 6 (for CD) and 10 (for UC).…”

Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pregnancy Clinical Care Pathway: A Report From the American Gastroenterological Association IBD Parenthood Project Working Group

“…The concordance rates in monozygotic twins range from 20%-56% for CD and from 6%-19% for UC. 21 With maternal CD, the incidence rate ratio for CD in offspring is 6.3, whereas the incidence rate ratio for UC in an offspring with maternal UC is 3.7. Having multiple family members affected by IBD will increase the risk, as will young age at diagnosis.…”

Risks of developing ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in relation to silica dust exposure in Sweden: a case–control study

“…The aetiology of IBD has been studied extensively but remains somewhat unclear. There is strong evidence of a familial component to its development,9–12 and a significant effect of environmental factors 12. This is further supported by the observation that the global prevalence of IBD has risen as increasing numbers of countries outside of Europe and North America have adopted western lifestyles 13…”