Factors that Increase Risk of Falling in Older Men according to Four Different Clinical Methods

Dokuzlar, Özge; Okudur, Saadet Koç; Soysal, Pınar; Koçyiğit, Süleyman Emre; Yavuz, İdil; Smith, Lee; Bulut, Esra Ateş; Işık, Ahmet Turan

doi:10.1080/0361073x.2019.1669284

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Subgroup analyses were performed according to the age and sex of the participants ( Table 2 ). A significant association between UI and falls was observed in older adults (≥65 years; OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.31–1.93) [ 2 , 7 – 10 , 14 – 17 , 21 – 23 , 25 – 27 , 31 , 34 – 37 , 40 , 43 ], and in both men (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.57–2.25) [ 17 , 23 , 29 – 31 , 36 ] and women (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.29–1.54) [ 2 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 17 , 18 , 22 , 23 , 27 , 29 – 31 , 35 , 45 ]. In a subgroup analysis of 34 studies that defined falls as ≥1 fall event, the OR for the association between UI and falls was 1.61 (95% CI, 1.42–1.82; I 2 , 96.3%; Table 2 ) [ 2 , 7 – 11 , 16 – 20 , 22 – 24 , 26 – 40 , 42 – 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) defines falls as “events that result in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or other lower-level.” These events are often recurrent, and approximately half of the affected individuals experience another fall within 1 year [ 2 ]. According to the WHO, 28–35% of people older than 65 years of age fall each year, and this prevalence increases with age [ 3 ]. Another study determined that more than 30% of older (>65 years) home-dwelling individuals fall at least once per year [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even a slight fall can cause a fracture, which increases the risk of institutionalization and the associated economic burden. Falls also instill a source of fear in caregivers and negatively affect the healthcare systems [ 3 ]. In summary, falls result in negative health outcomes and limit the quality of life of older individuals, and strategies to prevent this geriatric syndrome should be established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.57-2.25)[17,23,[29][30][31]36] and women (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.29-1.54)[2, 7, 9, 10, 17, 18, 22, 23, 27, 29-31, 35, 45]. In a subgroup analysis of 34 studies that defined falls as �1 fall event, the OR for the association between UI and falls was 1.61 (95% CI, 1.42-1.82; I 2 , 96.3%; Table2)[2, 7-11, 16-20, 22-24, 26-40, 42-46].…”

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confidence: 99%

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The impact of urinary incontinence on falls: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Objective Previous studies on the association between urinary incontinence (UI) and falls have reported conflicting results. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate and clarify this association through a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. Methods We performed a literature search for relevant studies in databases including PubMed and EMBASE from inception up to December 13, 2020, using several search terms related to UI and falls. Based on the data reported in these studies, we calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) for falls and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Results This meta-analysis included 38 articles and a total of 230,129 participants. UI was significantly associated with falls (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.45–1.83). Subgroup analyses based on the age and sex of the participants revealed a significant association between UI and falls in older (≥65 years) participants (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.31–1.93), and in both men (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.57–2.25) and women (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.29–1.54). Subgroup analysis based on the definition of falls revealed a significant association between UI and falls (≥1 fall event) (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.42–1.82) and recurrent falls (≥2 fall events) (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.49–1.78). According to the UI type, a significant association between UI and falls was observed in patients with urgency UI (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.15–1.70) and those with stress UI (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.39–2.15). Conclusions This meta-analysis, which was based on evidence from a review of the published literature, clearly demonstrated that UI is an important risk factor for falls in both general and older populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The impact of urinary incontinence on falls: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…However, most of the risk factors associated with falls were based primarily on elderly patient cohorts and not on amputees. Other studies also include other factors such as age-related, intellectual disability, lower limb strength, and cerebrovascular disease that are related to falling risk [25][26][27]. Our cohort population for TFA is younger than previously studied with an age range of 20 to 45 years old.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lower Limb Muscle Fatigue on Fall Risk for Transfemoral Amputee: A Pilot Study

Safee

Osman

2021

Occupational Therapy International

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Muscle fatigue is a decline in muscle maximum force during contraction and can influence the fall risk among people. This study is aimed at identifying the effect of fatigue on prospective fall risk in transfemoral amputees (TFA). Fourteen subjects were involved in this study with TFA ( 34.7 ± 8.1 yrs, n = 7 ) and normal subjects ( 31.1 ± 7.4 yrs, n = 7 ). Fatigue of lower limb muscles was induced with the fatigue protocol. Subjects were tested prefatigue and postfatigue using the standardized fall risk assessment. All results were calculated and compared between pre- and postfatigue to identify fatigue’s effect on both groups of subjects. The results showed that the fall risk increased significantly during pre- and postfatigue for TFA ( p = 0.018 ), while there were no significant differences in normal subjects ( p = 0.149 ). Meanwhile, the fall risk between TFA and normal subjects for prefatigue ( p = 0.082 ) and postfatigue ( p = 0.084 ) also showed no significant differences. The percentage (%) of increased fall risk for TFA was 19.2% compared to normal subjects only 16.7%. However, 61.4% increased of % fall risk in TFA after fatigue by using the baseline of the normal subject as the normalized % of fall risk. The increasing fall risks for TFA after fatigue are three times higher than the potential fall risk in normal subjects. The result indicates that they need to perform more precautions while prolonging lower limb activities. These results showed the implications of fatigue that can increase the fall risk due to muscle fatigue from repetitive and prolonged activities. Therefore, rehabilitation programs can be done very safely and precisely so that therapists can pursue fitness without aggravating existing injuries.

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Risk factors for high fall risk in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease

et al. 2021

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Purpose Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) usually represent an aging population, and both older age and CKD are associated with a higher risk of falling. Studies on risk factors among subjects with CKD are lacking. Methods Records of outpatients from one geriatric clinic in Turkey were retrospectively reviewed. A result of ≥ 13.5 s on the timed up and go (TUG) test was accepted as a high risk of falls. Independent predictors of an increased risk of falls among subjects with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) were identified using logistic regression models. Results Patients with CKD (n = 205), represented the 20.2% of the entire cohort and was identified as an independent predictor of increased fall risk (OR 2.59). Within the CKD cohort, serum folic acid levels and frailty were independent predictors of an increased risk of falls. The CKD/fall risk group was older, had a lower median years of education, lower vitamin D levels, and lower serum folic acid levels than the CKD/non-fall risk group. In addition to higher serum creatinine and potassium levels, the only significant difference between patients with CKD/fall risk and a matched non-CKD/fall risk was a lower median folic acid level in the former group. Conclusions Frailty and low folic acid levels are independently associated with an increased risk of falls among elderly outpatients with CKD. Prevention of frailty may reduce the risk of falls in these subjects. Possible benefit of folic acid supplementation requires further studies.

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Factors that Increase Risk of Falling in Older Men according to Four Different Clinical Methods

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

The impact of urinary incontinence on falls: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The impact of urinary incontinence on falls: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effect of Lower Limb Muscle Fatigue on Fall Risk for Transfemoral Amputee: A Pilot Study

Risk factors for high fall risk in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease

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