“…Therefore, it is important that, during the production process, fruits with an appropriate degree of maturity and with low pectin content are used [14,15]. In addition, similar results of viscosity in chokeberry juice were obtained by Kopeć, Sokołowska, and Sterczyńska [16], from 6.02 to 4.00 mPas. Similar values of viscosity, compared to the other fruit juices, were obtained in quince juice, amounting to 4.2 mPas [17].…”
Section: Impact Of Microfiltration On Physical Parametersmentioning
The purpose of this study was to choose the right size of ceramic membranes in the process of microfiltration as regards the concentration of polyphenols measured by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS, antioxidant capacity analysed by ABTS and FRAP tests, viscosity, turbidity, precipitate, and parameters of colour evaluated in the CIE L*·a*·b* system of chokeberry juice. From all the tested sizes of ceramic membranes in the process of microfiltration, the best results were obtained for membranes with 0.8 µm pores. This juice had a relatively high content of bioactive compounds, and the lowest values of turbidity, viscosity, and precipitation. The colour was an attractive and intense red, with no browning observed, before and after storage. The process of pasteurization caused a decrease in the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity and physical parameters. The storage time of 5 months at 5 °C stabilized the content of polyphenolic compounds, improved clarity of chokeberry juice, stabilized turbidity, and limited deposit formation during storage.
“…Therefore, it is important that, during the production process, fruits with an appropriate degree of maturity and with low pectin content are used [14,15]. In addition, similar results of viscosity in chokeberry juice were obtained by Kopeć, Sokołowska, and Sterczyńska [16], from 6.02 to 4.00 mPas. Similar values of viscosity, compared to the other fruit juices, were obtained in quince juice, amounting to 4.2 mPas [17].…”
Section: Impact Of Microfiltration On Physical Parametersmentioning
The purpose of this study was to choose the right size of ceramic membranes in the process of microfiltration as regards the concentration of polyphenols measured by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS, antioxidant capacity analysed by ABTS and FRAP tests, viscosity, turbidity, precipitate, and parameters of colour evaluated in the CIE L*·a*·b* system of chokeberry juice. From all the tested sizes of ceramic membranes in the process of microfiltration, the best results were obtained for membranes with 0.8 µm pores. This juice had a relatively high content of bioactive compounds, and the lowest values of turbidity, viscosity, and precipitation. The colour was an attractive and intense red, with no browning observed, before and after storage. The process of pasteurization caused a decrease in the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity and physical parameters. The storage time of 5 months at 5 °C stabilized the content of polyphenolic compounds, improved clarity of chokeberry juice, stabilized turbidity, and limited deposit formation during storage.
“…Research studies carried out by Antonkiewicz et al (2015) and Venelampi et al (2003) also confirm the acceleration of the rate of mineralization and hygienization of organic matter as a result of adding postcellulose lime.Fig. 1Percentage of dry matter residue after composting (Kopeć et al, 2015) * M – mize; M + W – maize + slaughter waste; M + W + Y 1 – maize + slaughter waste + 1 × fodder yeast; M + W + Y 3 – maize + slaughter waste + 3 × fodder yeast; M + W + L – maize + slaughter waste + postcellulose lime.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 69%
“…A well-elaborated composting process, with the use of proper microorganisms, and proper selection of substrates do not cause difficulties in meeting these requirements. Discussion on the share of microorganisms in the context of presented material was shown in another paper (Kopeć et al, 2015). Lack of interest in biological treatment of slaughterhouse waste results from additional costs which are not compensated by possible gains from the obtained final product.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…Aeration of the biomass was conducted in cycles, 6 times a day at air flow of 15 dm 3 for 60 min, as well as by turning the biomass over manually once a week. Conditions of the composting process that take into account dry matter losses, temperature of the process, structure of the material, biological activity of compost, and basic groups of microorganisms are presented in the earlier work by Kopeć et al (2015).…”
The need for organic recycling is justified in the case of poultry waste because after ensuring hygienization there is a chance of obtaining a compost with substantial fertilizer value. Organic recycling of slaughter waste has its justification in sustainable development and retardation of resources. In the research being described, composting of hydrated poultry slaughterhouse waste with maize straw was carried out. Combinations with fodder yeast and postcellulose lime were also introduced in order to modify chemical and physicochemical properties of the mixtures. The experiment was carried out within 110 days in 1.2 × 1.0 × 0.8 m laboratory reactors. Temperature of the biomass was recorded during composting, and the biomass was actively aerated through a perforated bottom.Composting of substrates selected in such a way caused losses of some elements in gaseous form, an increase in concentration of other elements, and changes in relationships between elements. The ability to select substrates influences compost quality. This ability is determined by chemical indicators. Among other things, compost evaluation based on carbon to nitrogen ratio shows the intensity of the composting process and possible nitrogen losses. The addition of slaughter waste to maize straw reduced the content of individual fractions of carbon in the composts, whereas the addition of postcellulose lime intensified that process. The addition of fodder yeast significantly increased the phosphorus content in the compost. Since iron compounds were used in the processing of poultry carcasses, composts that were based on this material had an elevated iron content. The applied postcellulose lime significantly increased the copper, zinc, chromium, nickel, and lead contents. Proper selection of substrates for composting of hydrated poultry slaughterhouse waste allows to obtain a compost with chemical properties that create favorable conditions for natural application of that compost. Addition of large quantities of postcellulose lime to the composting process leads to obtaining an organic-mineral substratum for cultivation or to obtaining an agent that improves soil properties.
“…If distribution of O 2 is not homogenous due to high moisture then accumulation of carbon dioxide may occur that produces the anaerobic conditions inside the compost. Little amounts of fodder yeast preferred the growth of microorganisms but in the final product may cause sanitary risk [10]. Some environmental conditions alter the composting process such as moisture, in case of degradation of organic matter it largely affects the physical and chemical properties of litter.…”
Chicken litter is a significant source of nutrients for production of crops and to reduce the impact of human pathogens on environment. The physicochemical properties of poultry litter mixture compost was assessed against the maturity and stability indices such as carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N), nitrate (NO 3 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), ash, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Humification Index (HI), Humification Rate (HR) and Degree of Polymerization (DP). The use of Salmonella significantly improves the humification process and physicochemical properties of final compost product are better in comparison to control trial. The most prominent effects was the fast rise in temperature from mesophilic to thermophilic stage was accompanied by an increase in NH4+-N that gradually decrease near the maturation phase. Moreover, the decrease in carbon and nitrogen ratio and increase in DP, CEC, HI, HR, phosphorous and potassium was also observed. A significant correlation was found between the maturity and stability parameters like C: N ratio, cation exchange capacity, humification index, degree of polymerization, humification rate and nitrate. Therefore, it is acclaimed that isolated microorganisms Salmonella from poultry litter promote the stable compost formation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
