Factors associated with pain and analgesic consumption following non‐surgical periodontal therapy under local anaesthesia and carried out by dental students

Abstract

Aim: Evaluate factors associated with pain and analgesic consumption following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Materials and methods:The sample consisted of 218 patients with chronic periodontitis, submitted to non-surgical scaling and root planing under local anaesthesia at a public dental service in southern Brazil. The data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire, as well as State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Corahʼs Dental Anxiety Scale, Visual Analogue Scale, Numerical Rating Scale and Verbal Rating Scale.The presence and intensity of pain were evaluated at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr after scaling and root planing.Results: A total of 52.3% of the patients reported mild intensity pain at some point during the 48 hr after scaling and root planing with local anaesthesia. Smoking (PR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.16-1.65), severe periodontal inflammation (PR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.09-1.58) and dental anxiety (PR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.03-1.49) were associated with postoperative pain after adjusting for age, gender and state and trait anxiety scores. Moreover, 46.8% of the subjects used analgesics at some time during the 48-hr follow-up period and dental anxiety was the only factor associated with postoperative analgesic use. Conclusions:Smoking, severe periodontal inflammation and dental anxiety were identified as factors associated with pain after non-surgical scaling and root planing with local anaesthesia. Dental anxiety was also a factor associated with postoperative analgesic use.

Clinical and patient‐centered outcomes post non‐surgical periodontal therapy with the use of a non‐injectable anesthetic product: A randomized clinical study

“…It has been suggested by Schirmer et al that post‐NSPT pain is associated with dental anxiety and baseline inflammation . In their study, the prevalence of pain after NSPT with local anesthetic was higher for patients with severe periodontal inflammation, defined as the presence of at least 4 sites with a probing depth of 6 mm or more.…”

“…24 It has been suggested by Schirmer et al that post-NSPT pain is associated with dental anxiety and baseline inflammation. 14 though the microbiota is almost suppressed by CHX, the microbiota spontaneously return to that observed after mechanical means alone. 26 This reinforces the notion that the microenvironment is critical in controlling the actual bacterial composition of the local microbiome, and that the microbiota will tend to return to that characteristic of the specific individual, once antimicrobial means are withdrawn.…”

“…Regardless of the protocol, SPT has often been associated with pain and discomfort of the patient . Notably, the response to pain varies greatly from person to person and it is often modulated by the level of local inflammation and by individual patient arousal (level of anxiety and apprehension) . Nevertheless, local injection anesthetic for pain control before NSPT is not often welcomed by all patients, preventing actual delivery of FMD in some cases.…”

Evaluation of the relationship among dental fear, scaling root planning and periodontal status using periodontitis stages： a retrospective study

“…As a major component of dental fear, fear of pain associated with dental treatment was identi ed [41]. SRP is often associated with pain and discomfort, albeit the occurrence of pain is variable and dramatically different among patients [20]. The VAS scores representing the pain perceived during periodontal procedures range from approximately 20-80mm [42,43].…”

“…According to Santuchi et al, patients with mild to moderate chronic periodontitis based on the previous classi cation (1999) exhibited worse clinical periodontal status with higher dental fear level [13]. Schirme et al reported that severe periodontal in ammation (≥4 sites with≥6 mm PD) was related to pain and dental fear during SRP [20]. Levin et al noted that patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in previous classi cation (1999) demonstrated higher dental fear levels [8].…”