Factors associated with depressive symptoms among 18-year-old boys: a prospective 10-year follow-up study

Haavisto, Antti; Sourander, André; Multimäki, Petteri; Parkkola, Kai; Santalahti, Päivi; Helenius, Hans; Nikalakaros, Georgios; Kumpulainen, Kirsti; Moilanen, Irma; Piha, Jorma; Aronen, Eeva T.; Puura, Kaija; Linna, Sirkka‐Liisa; Almqvist, Fredrik

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2004.06.008

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In line with other authors who divided their sample into subgroups (normal versus borderline/abnormal) based on questionnaire scores [13,17,[19][20][21][22][23], we created two 'mental health' groups: normal (cut-off point SDQ total score at follow-up #80 th percentile; score #13) and borderline/abnormal mental health problems (cut-off point SDQ total score at follow-up .80 th percentile; score $14) [26]. These cut-off points were based on a large national survey in the Netherlands among 14-15 year-old adolescents [27].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In line with previous findings [6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23], we hypothesize that being a victim of traditional bullying is associated with mental health problems and suicidal ideation at two-year follow-up. In line with cross-sectional studies on cyber bullying victimization [4,6,8,9], we hypothesize that cyber bullying victimization is associated with mental health problems and suicidal ideation at two year follow-up.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Few longitudinal studies have examined gender differences in victimization and mental health. These longitudinal studies indicate that both genders may have different risk profiles [6,[17][18][19][20][21], with girls who are victimized at baseline developing symptoms of depression or suicidal ideation at follow-up [10,17,20,21] and boys not [10,[18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with cross-sectional studies on cyber bullying victimization [4,6,8,9], we hypothesize that cyber bullying victimization is associated with mental health problems and suicidal ideation at two year follow-up. Additionally, we explored whether bullying affects boys and girls in a different way, as previously suggested [6,[17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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- Mental Health Problems and Educational Attainment in Adolescence: 9-Year Follow-Up of the Trails Study

2015

Adolescent Mental Health

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Purpose: To examine whether traditional and cyber bullying victimization were associated with adolescent's mental health problems and suicidal ideation at two-year follow-up. Gender differences were explored to determine whether bullying affects boys and girls differently. Methods:A two-year longitudinal study was conducted among first-year secondary school students (N = 3181). Traditional and cyber bullying victimization were assessed at baseline, whereas mental health status and suicidal ideation were assessed at baseline and follow-up by means of self-report questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between these variables while controlling for baseline problems. Additionally, we tested whether gender differences in mental health and suicidal ideation were present for the two types of bullying.Results: There was a significant interaction between gender and traditional bullying victimization and between gender and cyber bullying victimization on mental health problems. Among boys, traditional and cyber bullying victimization were not related to mental health problems after controlling for baseline mental health. Among girls, both traditional and cyber bullying victimization were associated with mental health problems after controlling for baseline mental health. No significant interaction between gender and traditional or cyber bullying victimization on suicidal ideation was found. Traditional bullying victimization was associated with suicidal ideation, whereas cyber bullying victimization was not associated with suicidal ideation after controlling for baseline suicidal ideation.Conclusions: Traditional bullying victimization is associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation, whereas traditional, as well as cyber bullying victimization is associated with an increased risk of mental health problems among girls. These findings stress the importance of programs aimed at reducing bullying behavior, especially because early-onset mental health problems may pose a risk for the development of psychiatric disorders in adulthood.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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- Mental Health Problems and Educational Attainment in Adolescence: 9-Year Follow-Up of the Trails Study

2015

Adolescent Mental Health

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“…A small number of studies investigated the long-term consequences of bullying. The results of longitudinal studies are consistent with the results of the intersection of research and suggest that exposure to bullying is correlated with different forms of internalizing and externalizing psychological problems (8,30,(39)(40)(41). A prospective study by Schreier et al (42) showed associations between adverse experiences in childhood and psychotic symptoms in adulthood.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The relationship between difficulties in psychological adjustment in young adulthood and exposure to bullying behaviour in childhood and adolescence

Sesar¹

2012

AMA

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Objective. This study investigates the relationship between involvement in bullying in childhood and adolescence and psychological difficulties in young adulthood. Materials and method. A total of 249 college students completed the Retrospective Bullying Questionnaire and Trauma Symptom Checklist. Results. The results showed significant differences in psychological adjustment among respondents who were exposed to bullying compared to respondents who were not exposed to bullying. Those exposed to bullying had significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, and dissociative and traumatic symptoms compared to those who were not exposed to bullying. Respondents who were exposed to bullying in all three examined periods (the period from the first to fourth grade, the period from the fifth to eighth grade and the high school period) had higher scores on the subscale of dissociative symptoms and sexual trauma symptoms compared to respondents who were exposed through one or two periods. Victims abused in all three periods have more symptoms of anxiety and sleeping problems compared to the subjects exposed to bullying during one examination period. There were no differences in the level of depressive symptoms and sexual problems regarding the duration of bullying. Also, there were no differences in psychological adjustment between respondents who were bullied during one specific period. Conclusion. Bullying experiences in childhood and adolescence are connected with difficulties in psychological adjustment in young adulthood.

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Substance use confounds associations between peer victimization and aggression in adolescence with mental disorders in adulthood: A prospective birth cohort study

Sarala

Miettunen

Alakokkare

et al. 2022

Journal of Adolescence

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Introduction Peer victimization and aggression in adolescence are associated with later mental health morbidity. However, studies examining this association have not controlled for adolescent substance use. We aimed to study the associations between peer victimization, peer aggression, and mental disorders in adulthood, adjusting for substance use in adolescence. Methods Participants were from the prospective Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Data were available for 6682 individuals (70.8% of the original sample). Peer victimization and peer aggression were assessed with items from the Achenbach Youth Self Report at ages 15−16 years. Outcomes were nonorganic psychosis, anxiety disorder, mood disorder, substance use disorder, and any mental disorder (a none‐vs‐any indicator) at age 33 years collected from nationwide health care, insurance, and pension registers. Family structure, alcohol intoxication frequency, daily smoking, illicit drug use, and baseline psychopathology using Youth Self‐Report total score, and parental mental disorders were considered as confounding factors. Results In multivariable analyses, the association between peer victimization and psychosis (Hazard ratio [HR]: 2.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2−6.9, p = .020) and mood disorder (HR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2−2.4, p = .012) in females remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Other associations between female and male peer victimization or aggression and the studied outcomes attenuated after adjustments. Conclusions Some associations between peer victimization and aggression and later mental health morbidity are explained by adolescent substance use. For females, substance use does not account for the increased risk of psychosis and mood disorder in those who experience peer victimization.

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Factors associated with depressive symptoms among 18-year-old boys: a prospective 10-year follow-up study

Cited by 51 publications

References 47 publications

- Mental Health Problems and Educational Attainment in Adolescence: 9-Year Follow-Up of the Trails Study

- Mental Health Problems and Educational Attainment in Adolescence: 9-Year Follow-Up of the Trails Study

The relationship between difficulties in psychological adjustment in young adulthood and exposure to bullying behaviour in childhood and adolescence

Substance use confounds associations between peer victimization and aggression in adolescence with mental disorders in adulthood: A prospective birth cohort study

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