Factors affecting variation in the reproductive investment of female treefrogs, Hyla intermedia

Cadeddu, Giorgia; Castellano, Sergio

doi:10.1016/j.zool.2012.04.006

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…On the one hand, the investment of female anurans in reproduction is particularly high (Yu et al, 2017), so the energy trade-off, likely more intense in older, energy-limited individuals (Navarro & Boveris, 2007; Green, Galluzzi & Kroemer, 2011), could be greater in females. Nonetheless, in agreement with our results, reproductive investment of Hyla intermedia female frogs shows no trade-off with age (Cadeddu & Castellano, 2012), and Rana temporaria female frogs do not trade off reproductive investment and growth (Lardner & Loman, 2003). On the other hand, the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis predicts lower immunocompetence in males due to the immunosuppressive effect of testosterone (Folstad & Karter, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Early swelling response to phytohemagglutinin is lower in older toads

Zamora‐Camacho

Comas

2018

PeerJ

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The effects of age on performance of life-history traits are diverse, but a common outcome is senescence, an irreversible deterioration of physical and physiological capabilities of older individuals. Immune response is potentially bound to senescence. However, little is known about immune response ageing in amphibians. In this work, we test the hypothesis that amphibian early immune response is reduced in older individuals. To this end, we captured adult natterjack toads (Epidalea calamita) and inoculated them with phytohemagglutinin, an innocuous protein that triggers a skin-swelling immune response whose magnitude is directly proportional to the ability of the individual to mount an immune response. We measured early swelling immune response (corresponding to an innate-response stage) hourly, for six hours, and we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) for each individual’s time series, as a measure of immune response magnitude incorporating time. We estimated toad age by means of phalanx skeletochronology. Swelling and AUC decreased with age. Therefore, in accordance with our predictions, early immune response seems subject to senescence in these toads. Reduced ability to get over infections due to senescence of immune respose might be—together with a worse functioning of other organs and systems—among the causes of lower survival of older specimens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Early swelling response to phytohemagglutinin is lower in older toads

Zamora‐Camacho

Comas

2018

PeerJ

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“…As offspring samples represent a single year cohort, the assumption of the mating system of the species required for colony analyses refers to the possibility of multiple matings within a single breeding season. Low rates of double‐clutching females have been reported in some E. calamita populations in Sweden and UK (Denton & Beebee, ; Silverin & Andrén, ) and double clutching and multiple clutching have been observed in some Hyla species in Europe (Broquet, Jaquiéry, & Perrin, ; Cadeddu & Castellano, ). However, it is unknown whether females of H. molleri and P. perezi lay more than one clutch per year (sequential polyandry) or whether there are multiple paternities within each clutch (simultaneous polyandry), although the former scenario seems more likely (Byrne & Roberts, ; Lengagne & Joly, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable effective number of breeders/adult census size ratios in seasonal‐breeding species: Opportunity for integrative demographic inferences based on capture–mark–recapture data and multilocus genotypes

Sánchez‐Montes

Wang

Ariño

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The ratio of the effective number of breeders (N b) to the adult census size (N a), N b/N a, approximates the departure from the standard capacity of a population to maintain genetic diversity in one reproductive season. This information is relevant for assessing population status, understanding evolutionary processes operating at local scales, and unraveling how life‐history traits affect these processes. However, our knowledge on N b/N a ratios in nature is limited because estimation of both parameters is challenging. The sibship frequency (SF) method is adequate for reliable N b estimation because it is based on sibship and parentage reconstruction from genetic marker data, thereby providing demographic inferences that can be compared with field‐based information. In addition, capture–mark–recapture (CMR) robust design methods are well suited for N a estimation in seasonal‐breeding species. We used tadpole genotypes of three pond‐breeding amphibian species (Epidalea calamita, Hyla molleri, and Pelophylax perezi, n = 73–96 single‐cohort tadpoles/species genotyped at 15–17 microsatellite loci) and candidate parental genotypes (n = 94–300 adults/species) to estimate N b by the SF method. To assess the reliability of N b estimates, we compared sibship and parentage inferences with field‐based information and checked for the convergence of results in replicated subsampled analyses. Finally, we used CMR data from a 6‐year monitoring program to estimate annual N a in the three species and calculate the N b/N a ratio. Reliable ratios were obtained for E. calamita (N b/N a = 0.18–0.28) and P. perezi (0.5), but in H. molleri, N a could not be estimated and genetic information proved insufficient for reliable N b estimation. Integrative demographic studies taking full advantage of SF and CMR methods can provide accurate estimates of the N b/N a ratio in seasonal‐breeding species. Importantly, the SF method provides results that can be readily evaluated for reliability. This represents a good opportunity for obtaining robust demographic inferences with wide applications for evolutionary and conservation research.

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“…As noted previously, in the Anura during the reproductive process the liver storage of glycogen, lipids and other substances is used for energetically costly activities (such as migration, calling, mating, searching for a deposition site) or in the synthesis of substances involved in the formation of gametes and their involucres (e.g. Assisi et al 1999;Cadeddu & Castellano 2012;Cayuela et al 2014;Mentino et al 2014 and references therein). Some hepatic activities linked to reproduction, such as vitellogenesis, can lead to degenerative changes of hepatocytes following an apoptotic process (Assisi et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in the liver of a non-hibernating population of water frogs, Pelophylax kl. esculentus (Anura: Ranidae)

Mentino

Scillitani

Marra

et al. 2017

The European Zoological Journal

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Seasonal variation of liver glycogen, lipids and melanomacrophages were investigated in a non-hibernating population of\ud Pelophylax kl. esculentus from Calabria by histochemical methods and computer-assisted image analysis. Twenty individuals\ud of both sexes were sampled in a tank in Roseto Capo Spulico (Cosenza, Calabria) in four periods of the year 2016 (February,\ud May, July, October). Portions of liver from each individual were included in paraffin for glycogen and melanomacrophages,\ud and epoxydic resin-araldite for lipid analysis. Sections were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) for glycogen (with\ud diastase-PAS as control) or osmium-tetroxide for lipids, or left unstained for melanomacrophages (appearing naturally black\ud due to melanin). Image analyses were performed on 9–12 grayscale converted pictures per individual. Total areas per μm2 of\ud glycogen, lipids and melanomacrophages, as well as counts of lipid droplets and melanomacrophages and mean area of\ud single lipid droplets and melanomacrophages, were measured. Statistical analyses were performed by analysis of variance\ud (ANOVA) with bootstrap resampling. Significant variation among sampling periods was found for each variable. Glycogen\ud and lipids co-vary, with higher values observed in October–February and lower values in May–July, whereas melanomacrophages\ud reach a peak in May and have much lower values in the other months. It is concluded that, in the absence of a\ud hibernating period, reproduction is the main force regulating the annual cycles of reserve storing and melanin production

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Factors affecting variation in the reproductive investment of female treefrogs, Hyla intermedia

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Early swelling response to phytohemagglutinin is lower in older toads

Early swelling response to phytohemagglutinin is lower in older toads

Reliable effective number of breeders/adult census size ratios in seasonal‐breeding species: Opportunity for integrative demographic inferences based on capture–mark–recapture data and multilocus genotypes

Seasonal changes in the liver of a non-hibernating population of water frogs, Pelophylax kl. esculentus (Anura: Ranidae)

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