“…To ensure microbial safety on FGLVs, different methods, such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), ethanol, ozonated and electrolyzed water, peracetic acid as well as organic acids (malic, lactic, citric, tartaric, acetic, propionic, succinic, etc. ), radiation, high hydrostatic pressure, continuous electric field, gamma radiation, ultrasound, and ohmic heating and ozone applications are applied or being tested (Chakka et al., 2021; Denoya et al., 2021; Khan etal.,2018 Sagong et al., 2011; Song et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2022). Although the common practice for decontamination is chlorine application, studies demonstrate that organic substances in water combine with chlorine, leading to carcinogenic trihalomethane (THM) and other halogenated hydrocarbons (Trevisani et al., 2017).…”