Factor Analysis and Psychometric Properties of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale and the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale-Revised: Italian Version

Svicher, Andrea; Beghè, Agnese; Mangiaracina, Giacomo; Cosci, Fiammetta

doi:10.1159/000477491

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…These items are scored on a 4-point Likert-type scale, with the total score ranging from 0 to 39. In previous studies, the scale has shown adequate reliability, with Cronbach's α values between 0.77 and 0.91 and test-retest coefficients between 0.59 and 0.88 [37][38][39]. The Cronbach's α in this study was 0.81.…”

Section: Nicotine Withdrawal Symptomssupporting

confidence: 52%

Validation of the Glover–Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire (GN-SBQ) to Evaluate Nicotine Dependence in Spanish Clinical Settings

Crespo

Rodríguez-Espinosa

Sancho-Domingo

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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An assessment of the different aspects of tobacco addiction is central to adapting interventions to the profiles and needs of smokers. The Glover–Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire (GN-SBQ) is one of the few and most used scales to evaluate the behavioral aspects of tobacco addiction. However, few studies involve the validation of the GN-SBQ in clinical settings. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the GN-SBQ in a sample of Spanish smokers. A total of 341 smokers attending clinical services in Spain participated in this cross-sectional study. Measures included the psychological factors related to tobacco addiction, assessed with the GN-SBQ, the physical factors of nicotine addiction, withdrawal symptoms, smoking-related variables, and alcohol use. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, internal consistency coefficients, confirmatory factor analyses, Spearman correlations, and the Kruskal–Wallis test. The GN-SBQ showed adequate reliability (α = 0.76 and ω = 0.76) and a unidimensional structure. GN-SBQ scores also provided evidence of convergent and concurrent validity. GN-SBQ scores significantly correlated with the physical symptoms of addiction, age, number of cigarettes, and withdrawal symptoms. The results of discriminant validity were also adequate, as no correlation was observed between GN-SBQ scores and CO levels or alcohol use. Significant differences were found between all levels of psychological addiction based on the GN-SBQ scores regarding physical nicotine addiction, withdrawal symptoms, and age. Thus, this questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument to assess the psychological aspects of tobacco addiction in smokers in clinical settings. The short length of the GN-SBQ proves advantageous for its use in time-limited assessments, which are common in public health services.

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Section: Nicotine Withdrawal Symptomssupporting

confidence: 52%