Facing geological mapping at low-latitude volcanoes: The Doña Juana Volcanic Complex study-case, SW-Colombia

Pardo, Natalia; Pulgarín, Bernardo; Betancourt, Valentina; Lucchi, Federico; Valencia, Luis Jerónimo

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.04.016

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Informal units were defined by identifying rock bodies with a distinctive 3D morphology by means of remote sensing because they were not accessible in the field due to dense vegetation and/or steep topography (cf. Pardo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this approach, the geological map of the PSRVC provides valuable input for the evaluation of volcanic hazards. This study also seeks to evaluate the usefulness of the stratigraphic methodology in volcanic areas at low latitude (e.g., Pardo et al, 2019) and old volcanoes with high degrees of erosion and dense vegetation. If further information about the PSRVC is required, we encourage readers to refer to Pulgarín et al (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chapter 5

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2019

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This chapter focuses on the evolution through time of Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcanic Complex, providing new information. The stratigraphy and geological map of the Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcanic Complex in the Colombian Central Cordillera are presented using the concepts of traditional stratigraphy adapted to the needs of the volcanological environment such that lithostratigraphic units, lithosomes, and unconformities are integrated. Combining this information with new geochronological data, the eruptive history is described in two eruptive periods and six epochs interrupted by recurrent flank collapses and their associated debris avalanches and lahars, as well as time intervals characterized by the activation of processes such as erosion, reworking, and glacial reshaping. The volcanic complex has andesitic to dacitic volcanic products of calc-alkaline affinity, typical of a subduction zone along an active continental margin. The Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcanic Complex comprises two major overlapping stratovolcanoes and the most recent coulée-dome at the summit of the volcano. Geochronological data indicate that the volcanic complex age extends from the Pleistocene. Chronologically, the major edifices correspond to the remnants of a first volcanic edifice called the Pre-Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcano that dates from the early to the Middle Pleistocene, and the formation and development of a second edifice called Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcano from the Middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. These volcanoes produced lava flows and pyroclastic deposits, together with debris avalanche and lahar deposits, as posteruptive processes. The maximum expected eruptive events are concentrated and dilute pyroclastic density currents produced at the summit of the volcano, likely, as a result of explosions and collapses of domes. The present study contributes to the knowledge of Quaternary volcanism of active volcanoes in the northern volcanic segment of Colombia, and confirms that the Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcano is active and should be considered in local volcanic hazard assessment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 5

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2019

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“…This method aims to describe the types of volcanic rocks and deposits, reconstruct their vertical succession and their changes over time, characterize units bordered by unconformities, define their genesis and sources, and establish correlations among various rock units considering the complex, diverse, and episodic characteristics of the dominant processes in volcanic areas. Currently, this method has been applied in Colombia by the Grupo de Geología de Volcanes of the SGC on the Doña Juana Volcanic Complex (Pardo et al, 2016(Pardo et al, , 2019 and on the Paramillo de Santa Rosa Volcanic Complex (Pulgarín-Alzate et al, 2020). These studies used concepts from the International stratigraphic guide (Salvador, 1994) and involved the integrated use of lithological units combined with chronostratigraphic units, which led to the definition of lithostratigraphic units, lithosomes, and unconformities (Martí et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 7

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2019

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New results based on modern methods of volcanic mapping and stratigraphy used in the area domain of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, combined with the review of previous studies and the contribution of new geochronological, petrographic, and geochemical data, are presented to define the Nevado del Ruiz Volcanic Complex. The geological evolution of this complex consists of four eruptive periods that were characterized by the construction and destruction of volcanic edifices and deposits associated with effusive products (lava flows and lava domes), primary volcaniclastic deposits (pyroclastic density currents and pyroclastic falls), secondary volcaniclastic deposits (lahars and debris avalanches), and glacial and fluvial deposits. The Pre-Ruiz eruptive period was dominated by effusive volcanism and the construction of the "Ancestral Ruiz" volcano; known ages range from 1.8 to 0.97 Ma. The First eruptive period Ruiz corresponded to the construction of the "Older Ruiz" volcano and it was defined by effusive volcanism that started less than 0.97 Ma; the construction of La Olleta Volcano began at the end of this eruptive period at approximately 107 ka, and the destructive period of the "Older Ruiz" volcano occurred at approximately 95 ka, leading to the formation of a caldera. The Intermediate eruptive period Ruiz corresponded to the origin of the volcanoes Piraña and Nereidas and to the continuation of the construction of La Olleta Volcano, as well as the occurrence of other minor eruptive centers. In the Second eruptive period Ruiz the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano was formed; this eruptive period began 66 ka ago. During the last 13 ka, explosive activity has been predominant, at least fourteen pulses and eruptive phases have occurred. The present study provides new knowledge towards understanding the eruptive history of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcanic Complex.

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“…The evolutionary history of the complex and its products was initially described in terms of eruptive units (Navarro et al, 2009;Pulgarín et al, 2008). In more recent studies, the complex has been described in terms of lithostratigraphic units (Pardo et al, 2016(Pardo et al, , 2019, and 10 eruptions of the Doña Juana Volcano have been identified in the last 10 000 years. These eruptions left a geological record characterized by the extrusion and destruction of domes, both by gravitational collapse and by explosion, thus generating block and ash flow deposits, surges, and secondary lahars (Table 4).…”

Section: Doña Juana Volcanic Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 3

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2019

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The active volcanic front in Colombia is divided into three main segments: The southern volcanic segment in the Western Cordillera and Inter-Andean Cauca-Patía Valley and the central and northern segments in the Central Cordillera, which are separated by a gap of 265 km. The recent volcanoes of the volcanic front are large polygenetic structures mostly built on the remnants of a Miocene -Pliocene volcanic terrain. The variety of eruptive styles and the composition and distribution of the volcanoes reflect the configuration of the Nazca Plate subducting beneath the continent, the interaction of plates and microplates at the NW corner of South America, and the tectonic structures in the Eastern Panamá Basin generated by the rupture of the Farallón Plate in the Miocene. Compositionally, the magmatic products of these volcanoes correspond to basaltic andesites, andesites, and dacites. Additionally, the most recent products of the volcanoes located in the central volcanic segment and at the ends of the other segments exhibit adakitic signatures and the most explosive behavior, usually of plinian type. The origin of the magmas has been attributed to several processes, including mantle melting, slab fluid-induced metasomatism of the mantle wedge, crustal contamination, magma mixing, and fractional crystallization. However, the processes that occur between the magma source and the lower crust, such as those related to the sizes and locations of magma chambers and the plumbing systems, are poorly understood. In the last 34 years, since the beginning of the systematic study of active volcanoes in 1985 and their continuous monitoring by the Servicio Geológico Colombiano, understanding of the superficial processes, stratigraphy, and eruptive history has progressed. Several of these volcanoes have a record of historical activity, such as Nevado del Ruiz, Puracé, Doña Juana, and Galeras. In recent years, some volcanoes have had eruptive activity, such as Nevado del Ruiz, Galeras, and Nevado del Huila, while others have shown signs of reactivation, such as Cerro Machín, Chiles-Cerro Negro, and Sotará. This chapter compiles the main characteristics of recent volcanism in Colombia in a tectonic context and summarizes the historical volcanic activity in this region.

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Facing geological mapping at low-latitude volcanoes: The Doña Juana Volcanic Complex study-case, SW-Colombia

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

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