Facile Synthesis of Nanocapsules and Hollow Nanoparticles Consisting of Fluorinated Polymer Shells by Interfacial RAFT Miniemulsion Polymerization

Abstract

Nanocapsules made of a cross‐linked poly(dodecafluoroheptyl acrylate) shell were successfully synthesized by interfacial RAFT miniemulsion polymerization. The well‐defined hollow fluorinated polymer structures were obtained by the subsequent removal of the liquid core materials. The core/shell ratio could be easily tuned up to 1:1 by changing the conditions. In the cases of high core/shell ratio of 1:2 and 1:1, the nanocapsules were severely deformed, which was improved by increasing the cross‐linker amount up to 30 wt.‐%. It was concluded that the utility of the interfacial RAFT miniemulsion polymerization overcame the thermodynamic and kinetic barriers in a conventional miniemulsion polymerization. magnified image

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process – A Third Update

“…[368] Shell-crosslinked fluorinated nanocapsules were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization of HA/DFHA with DVB crosslinker using a MAA/DFHA macro-RAFT agent. [369] Emulsion polymerization of VAc was performed with a xanthate-terminated dextran as RAFT agent. [568] Gradient copolymers of TFEMA and AA were synthesized using an amphiphilic RAFT agent and starved feed addition of TFEMA.…”

“…DMAm [348] DMAm-b-HEAm [348] 97 n ϭ 1 or 2 [349,350] DEAEMA [351] DMAEMA [350,352] PEGMA [224,[353][354][355] (412) [243] PAA [356] DMAm [326] DMAm [326] HPMAm [357] 357 [357] MAA/PEGMA [354] APMAm/DEAPMAm [358] APMAm/DMAPMAm [358] DEAEMA-bNIPAm [351] DMEAEMA-b-NIPAm [359] PEGMA/MAA-b-St [354,360] PEGMA/MAA-bBzMA [361] PEGMA/MAA-b-327 [362] PAA-bDMAm/408 [356] DMAEMA-b-(PAA/BMA/ DMAEMA) [350,352] HPMAm/450/451 [363] HPMAm-b-357 [357] 98 [364] 317 [311] 332 [365] 333 [365] DMAm [366] BA [366] 350 [311] NIPAm [366,367] MAA/ MMA [368] MAA/DFHA [369] OeMA/MMA [364] 332-b-MMA [365] 333-b-MMA [365] NIPAm-bDMAEAm [367] 99…”

Future manufacturing and remanufacturing of polymeric materials

“…Nanoencapsulation via miniemulsion polymerization or other processes, provides opportunities for exceptional reinforcement and property improvement, as well as enhanced barrier properties . In addition, nanocapsules can be used as carriers for therapeutics, hollow particles for improved optical properties, and smart polymers capable of responding to environmental stimuli . A similar but very different application is that of highly branched (almost dendritic) poly (n‐isopropyl acrylamide) (NIPAM).…”

Synthesis of polydopamine capsules via SPG membrane emulsion templating: Tuning of capsule size

“…Hollow polymer particles (capsules) represent a specific category of polymer particles that can be accessed via a variety of synthetic routes, with applications in areas, for example, cosmetics, food applications, and drug delivery . Examples of synthetic routes to polymer capsules include miniemulsion/suspension polymerization approaches based on phase separation, techniques based on growing a polymer shell from the interior or exterior of miniemulsion droplets, as well as the use of sacrificial templates . In general, it remains challenging to prepare polymer capsules of specific size and shell thickness with well‐defined particle size distribution.…”