Facile and Controllable Fabrication of High‐Performance Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Films Using Lead Acetate Precursor for Low‐Threshold Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Distributed‐Feedback Lasers

Abstract

Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged rapidly as the most attractive materials for photovoltaics in the last 10 years. Intense research has been done on crystal growth and morphology control to improve their power conversion efficiencies. Furthermore, perovskites also show great potential for optical amplification and lasing. Despite the numerous reports on how processing conditions affect the perovskite light‐harvesting properties, effects on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) or lasing performance have attracted considerably less attention. Herein, a detailed study on the ASE performance of methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) films, processed with lead acetate (Pb(Ac)2) as lead source following a one‐step spin‐coating method and exposed to different post‐deposition conditions, is presented. It is found that the use of Pb(Ac)2 instead of lead iodide (PbI2) accelerates the crystal growth and simplifies the fabrication procedure. Even very thin MAPbI3 films (≈70 nm) can sufficiently support optical amplification and lasing in surface‐emitting distributed‐feedback (DFB) cavities. The facile and highly controllable MAPbI3 film formation observed with Pb(Ac)2 as precursor makes it a preferred choice with respect to PbI2 for future perovskite laser diodes.

Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Lasing in Lead Halide Perovskites: State of the Art and Perspectives

“…The combination of NIL and ion beam milling (IBM), together with a proper choice of the imprint resist in order to allow its deposition on top of the perovskite layers, was used to realize an array of micro-DFB lasers, exploiting MAPbI 3 as active material [72] with a lasing threshold of about 225 µJcm −2 under 5 ns pumping at 532 nm. Similar threshold, but under 300 ps pumping at 532 nm, were recently obtained in MAPbI 3 DFB lasers realized by solution deposition on imprinted plastic substrates, by using as precursor lead acetate (Pb(CH 3 COO) 2 ), instead that PbI 2 [73].…”

Infrared Spectra of the CH3NH3PbI3 Hybrid Perovskite: Signatures of Phase Transitions and of Organic Cation Dynamics

“…The organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskites attract a relentless interest of researchers due to their enormous potential as functional materials, primarily for solar cells, as well as for light-emitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and thermoelectric devices. − It should be mentioned that the power conversion efficiency of the solar cells based on hybrid perovskites already exceeds 20%, with the advantage of cost-effective low-temperature synthesis methods . Exceptional functionality of hybrid halide perovskites is due to useful physical properties such as tunable optical bandgap and absorption coefficient, long carrier lifetimes, high carrier mobility, large diffusion lengths, ,, and low thermal conductivity. , …”