Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanotubes in fluoride-free electrolyte via rapid breakdown anodization

Cheong, Y.L.; Yam, F.K.; Hassan, Z.; Ng, Siowwoon; Low, It Meng

doi:10.1007/s10934-015-0024-8

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…HF is also replaced by different fluoride-containing salts, such as sodium fluoride. These improvements significantly lower the chemical dissolution rate and the length of TNTs can reach to several microns 30. The third generation uses a fluorine-containing anhydrous polar organic solvent as electrolyte, and the TNT length can reach to 1000 µm.…”

Section: Development Of Tnt Anodizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques</p>

Yang

et al. 2019

IJN

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Prosthesis-associated infections are one of the main causes of implant failure; thus it is important to enhance the long-term antibacterial ability of orthopedic implants. Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) are biomaterials with good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. Owing to their inherent antibacterial and drug-loading ability, the antibacterial application of TNTs has received increasing attention. In this review, the process of TNT anodizing fabrication is summarized. Also, the mechanism and the influencing factors of the antibacterial property of bare TNTs are explored. Furthermore, different antibacterial strategies for carrying drugs, as well as modifications to prolong the antibacterial effect and reduce drug-related toxicity are discussed. In addition, antibacterial systems based on TNTs that can automatically respond to infection are introduced. Finally, the currently faced problems are reviewed and potential solutions are proposed. This review provides new insight on TNT fabrication and summarizes the most advanced antibacterial strategies involving TNTs for the enhancement of long-term antibacterial ability and reduction of toxicity.

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Section: Development Of Tnt Anodizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques</p>

Yang

et al. 2019

IJN

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“…The TiO 2 NTs calcined at 350 • C showed the highest crystallite size (60.50 nm) compared to other samples. It should be noted that the calculated crystallite size was larger than the inner tube diameter of 350_TiO 2 sample, which can be due to the inhomogeneous distribution of TiO 2 NTs [60]. There is a decreasing trend of the inner tube diameter in the temperature range 450-550 • C for the average size of the anatase grains (from 48.84 to 25.05 nm).…”

Section: Photocatalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 83%

Visible Light Photodegradation of Formaldehyde over TiO2 Nanotubes Synthesized via Electrochemical Anodization of Titanium Foil

et al. 2020

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In this study, a series of TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized employing electrochemical anodization of titanium foil in an ionic liquid solution containing a mixture of glycerol and choline chloride, acting as electrolyte. The as-synthesized TiO2 NTs were calcined at 350, 450, or 550 °C for a 2 h duration to investigate the influence of calcination temperature on NTs formation, morphology, surface properties, crystallinity, and subsequent photocatalytic activity for visible light photodegradation of gaseous formaldehyde (HCHO). Results showed that the calcination temperature has a significant effect on the structure and coverage of TiO2 NTs on the surface. Freshly synthesized TiO2 NTs showed better-ordered structure compared to calcined samples. There was significant pore rupture with increasing calcination temperature. The transformation from anatase to rutile phase appeared after calcination at 450 °C and the weight fraction of the rutile phase increased from 19% to 36% upon increasing the calcination temperature to 550 °C. The band gaps of the TiO2 NTs were in the range from 2.80 to 2.74 eV, shifting the active region of the materials to visible light. The presence of mixed anatase–rutile TiO2 phases in the sample calcined at 450 °C showed enhanced photoactivity, which was confirmed by the 21.56 mg∙L−1∙g−1 removal of gaseous formaldehyde under 120 min of visible light irradiation and displayed enhanced quantum yield, ∅HCHO of 17%.

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“…Herein, a photocurrent is obtained for the TNT samples annealed at temperatures at or above 350 °C. The photocurrent efficiency is generally lower for RBA TNTs as compared to well-aligned TNT arrays, due to the inhomogeneous distribution of nanotube bundles [ 59 ]. The difference may result from the electrode preparation, possibly leaving ethanol residues in the TNTs or arise from the use of Nafion to adhere the powders to the FTO glass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titania nanotubes prepared by rapid breakdown anodization for photocatalytic decolorization of organic dyes under UV and natural solar light

et al. 2018

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Titania nanotube (TNT) powder was prepared by rapid breakdown anodization (RBA) in a perchloric acid electrolyte. The photocatalytic efficiency of the as-prepared and powders annealed at temperatures between 250 and 550 °C was tested under UV and natural sunlight irradiation by decolorization of both anionic and cationic organic dyes, i.e., methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB), as model pollutants. The tubular structure of the nanotubes was retained up to 250 °C, while at 350 °C and above, the nanotubes transformed into nanorods and nanoparticles. Depending on the annealing temperature, the TNTs consist of anatase, mixed anatase/brookite, or anatase/rutile phases. The bandgap of the as-prepared nanotubes is 3.04 eV, and it shifts towards the visible light region upon annealing. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show the presence of titania and impurities including chlorine on the surface of the TNTs. The atomic ratio of Ti/O remains unchanged for the annealed TNTs, but the concentration of chlorine decreases with temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) indicate high electron-hole recombination for the as-prepared TNTs, probably due to the residual impurities, low crystallinity, and vacancies in the structure, while the highest photocurrent was observed for the TNT sample annealed at 450 °C. The TNTs induce a small degradation of the dyes under UV light; however, contrary to previous reports, complete decolorization of dyes is observed under sunlight. All TNT samples showed higher decolorization rates under sunlight irradiation than under UV light. The highest reaction rate for the TNT samples was obtained for the as-prepared TNT powder sample under sunlight using RhB (κ1 = 1.29 h−1). This is attributed to the bandgap, specific surface area and the crystal structure of the nanotubes. The as-prepared TNTs performed most efficiently for decolorization of RhB and outperformed the reference anatase powder under sunlight irradiation. This could be attributed to the abundance of reactive sites, higher specific surface area, and degradation mechanism of RhB. These RBA TNT photocatalyst powders demonstrate a more efficient use of the sunlight spectrum, making them viable for environmental remediation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s11671-018-2591-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanotubes in fluoride-free electrolyte via rapid breakdown anodization

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

<p>Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques</p>

<p>Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques</p>

Visible Light Photodegradation of Formaldehyde over TiO2 Nanotubes Synthesized via Electrochemical Anodization of Titanium Foil

Titania nanotubes prepared by rapid breakdown anodization for photocatalytic decolorization of organic dyes under UV and natural solar light

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