Fabrication of O-enriched HyperCross-Linked Polymers and Their Adsorption of Aniline from Aqueous Solution

Abstract

The functionalized hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCLPs) with high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (S BET) were promising porous materials while their facile fabrication remains a challenge. Herein, a universal strategy was developed for chloromethylated polystyrene (CMPS) according to the nucleophilic substitution and Friedel–Crafts alkylation, and a series of O-enriched HCLPs was fabricated accordingly. The nucleophilic substitution offered plentiful oxygen to the polymers, and the Friedel–Crafts alkylation provided the polymers with hyper-cross-linking frameworks with a unique hierarchical porosity. The resulting polymers had high S BET’s up to 601 m2/g and abundant oxygen (up to 13.04 wt %). They exhibited promising adsorption properties for aniline from aqueous solution with a maximum capacity (q max) of 223.7 mg/g. In particular, the unique hierarchical porosity of the polymers endowed the fast diffusion of aniline in the kinetic adsorption. This universal synthetic protocol is of great importance for the fabrication of some other functionalized HCLPs.

Postfunctionalization of Porous Organic Polymers Based on Friedel–Crafts Acylation for CO2 and Hg2+ Capture

“…Adsorption by porous materials has been recognized as the most efficient and economic method to remove the pollutants from the environment. , Activated carbons − and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) , are usually used because of their high S BET , total pore volume ( V total ), and predominated micropores. However, activated carbons have some disadvantages such as poor selectivity, difficult functionalization, and low regeneration.…”

Furan- and Thiophene-Modified Hyper-Crosslinked Polymers and Their Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution

“…In the previous paper, anhydrous FeCl 3 was used in the first Friedel−Crafts alkylation reaction and the obtained intermediates had low S BET and V total . 6,7 However, as anhydrous FeCl 3 was applied for the first Friedel−Crafts alkylation reaction in the present study, the synthesized intermediates, namely, PS-FU and PS-TH, possessed much high S BET and V total in spite of the lower temperature. On the other hand, as anhydrous SnCl 4 was employed as the catalyst, the obtained intermediates had lower S BET and V total .…”

“…Hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs) are a kind of typical porous material initially reported by Davankov and co-workers in 1970s, and they have attracted increasing interest in recent years. , More recently, HCPs have achieved rapid development because of their diverse synthesis strategies, easy functionalization, high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area ( S BET ), adjustable porosity, and diversified surface chemistry, , and they have been diffusely used in fields such as volatile organic compound adsorption, − gas capture and separation, − catalysis, ,, energy storage, and drug release …”

Cost-Effective Nanoporous Hypercross-linked Polymers Could Drastically Promote the CO2 Absorption Rate in Amine-Based Solvents, Improving Energy-Efficient CO2 Capture

“…The Brownian motion of the particles and the increased microturbulence around them could improve the effective diffusion rate of the reactants in the liquid, which is the primary action of the fine particles to enhance CO 2 mass transfer . However, the great ability of HCPs to adsorb organic compounds from water media − and the emergence of a novel concept based on noncovalent π interactions in catalysis − suggest a more critical role of the networks in improving CO 2 capture performance. Based on the inherent properties of HCPs, the network could adsorb the reactants via noncovalent interactions (such as π bonding and electrostatic forces) that are individually weak but collectively important.…”