Fabrication and Performance of CsI(Tl) Scintillation Films With Pixel-Like Columnar-Matrix Structure

Yao, Dalin; Gu, Ming; Liu, Xiaolin; Huang, Shiming; Liu, Bo; Ni, Chen

doi:10.1109/tns.2015.2391197

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Compared to the densely packed pixel‐like columnar CsI:Tl, the matrix route currently suffers from a low loading ratio of scintillators, similar to the polymer matrix route, which leads to a compromised light output and hence impairs sensitivity and spatial resolution. To date, the columnar structured film, as exemplified by CsI:Tl grown via a patterned template‐assisted thermal evaporation process, [ 40 ] remains the most promising strategy and is worthy of exploration for recently emerged metal halides. Moreover, it would be exciting if metal halide array fabrication could embrace the innovative micromachine technologies recently tailored for metal halides, such as ion‐exchange lithography, [ 85 ] photocatalysis‐initiated lithography, [ 86 ] and ultrafast laser lithography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reported a series of pixel‐like columnar CsI:Tl arrays with finely adjusted column size. [ 40 ] It was shown that with the column size decreases from 8 to 3 µm, the spatial resolution of the 50 µm thick scintillator was increased from 7.6 to 14 lp mm −1 , indicating the crucial role of pixel size in the design of array scintillators. ii) Phase‐separated array scintillators prepared from binary eutectic.…”

Section: Material‐form‐associated Light Propagation In Metal Halide S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light Management of Metal Halide Scintillators for High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging

Xu,

Xie,

Shi

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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The ever‐growing need to inspect matter with hyperfine structures requires a revolution in current scintillation detectors, and the innovation of scintillators is revived with luminescent metal halides entering the scene. Notably, for any scintillator, two fundamental issues arise: Which kind of material is suitable and in what form should the material exist? The answer to the former question involves the sequence of certain atoms into specific crystal structures that facilitate the conversion of X‐ray into light, whereas the answer to the latter involves assembling these crystallites into particular material forms that can guide light propagation toward its corresponding pixel detector. Despite their equal importance, efforts are overwhelmingly devoted to improving the X‐ray‐to‐light conversion, while the material‐form‐associated light propagation, which determines the optical signal collected for X‐ray imaging, is largely overlooked. This perspective critically correlates the reported spatial resolution with the light‐propagation behavior in each form of metal halides, combing the designing rules for their future development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Material‐form‐associated Light Propagation In Metal Halide S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Management of Metal Halide Scintillators for High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging

Xu,

Xie,

Shi

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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“…To improve imaging resolution further, Yao and co‐workers modified the template and fabricated a structured scintillator with finer array. [ 92 ] An array with a period of 3 µm was patterned on the template surface, and a spatial resolution of approximately 18 lp mm ‐1 at a MTF of 10% could be obtained with the optimized sample.…”

Section: Array‐derived Structured Scintillatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured Scintillators for Efficient Radiation Detection

Lin

Yang

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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Scintillators, which can convert high‐energy ionizing radiation into visible light, have been serving as the core component in radiation detectors for more than a century of history. To address the increasing application demands along with the concern on nuclear security, various strategies have been proposed to develop a next‐generation scintillator with a high performance in past decades, among which the novel approach via structure control has received great interest recently due to its high feasibility and efficiency. Herein, the concept of “structure engineering” is proposed for the exploration of this type of scintillators. Via internal or external structure design with size ranging from micro size to macro size, this promising strategy cannot only improve scintillator performance, typically radiation stopping power and light yield, but also extend its functionality for specific applications such as radiation imaging and therapy, opening up a new range of material candidates. The research and development of various types of structured scintillators are reviewed. The current state‐of‐the‐art progresses on structure design, fabrication techniques, and the corresponding applications are discussed. Furthermore, an outlook focusing on the current challenges and future development is proposed.

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“…However, increasing the thickness of the scintillation screens often comes at the expense of their spatial resolution because of the lateral spreading of scintillation light 4 . To overcome this limitation, CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with a needle-like columnar structure were developed through a thermal evaporation method 5 . The vertical columnar structure can suppress the lateral spreading of scintillation light and preserve the spatial resolution of X-ray imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated performances of pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with different micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging

Chen

Liu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The performances of the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens based on oxidized silicon micro-pore array templates with different CsI(Tl) micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging were simulated using the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation code. The shapes of the micro-columns include square, hexagonal and circular, and the array structures include square and hexagonal arrangements. The pitch size of the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens was set to 4 µm, and the incident X-ray energy was set to 20 keV. The ratios of the number of scintillation photons that propagate along the CsI(Tl) micro-columns to the total number of scintillation photons of the micro-columns gradually decrease with the increase in total reflection time on the lateral surfaces of the micro-columns. However, these ratios are closely related to the shapes of the micro-columns and the incident positions of X-ray on the cross-sections of the micro-columns, especially for the circular micro-column. The sequence of bottom light outputs stimulated by a uniform flood field of X-ray from high to low corresponds to the circular, square and hexagonal CsI(Tl) micro-columns with the same cross-section areas. In addition, all spatial resolutions in terms of modulation transfer functions (MTFs) for the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with square and hexagonal array structures are over 100 lp/mm. However, the resolution for the pixelated screen with the hexagonal array structure is approximately 8.5% higher than that for the screen with the square array structure. Moreover, the former screen has a higher detective quantum efficiency (DQE) than the latter screen at the same thickness. The pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screen with circular micro-column and hexagonal array structure in X-ray imaging has superior performance compared to other pixelated screens in this work.

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Fabrication and Performance of CsI(Tl) Scintillation Films With Pixel-Like Columnar-Matrix Structure

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Light Management of Metal Halide Scintillators for High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging

Light Management of Metal Halide Scintillators for High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging

Structured Scintillators for Efficient Radiation Detection

Simulated performances of pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with different micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging

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