Fabrication and characterization of melamine formaldehyde fibers with enhanced mechanical properties and high fire resistance by dry spinning

Abstract

High‐performance melamine formaldehyde (MF) fibers are successfully produced by innovatively utilizing dry spinning with high efficiency and low emission. Three ways are adopted to enhance the mechanical performance of MF fiber. First, MF resin is modified by introducing flexible chain segments into MF three‐dimensional network and reducing the network crosslink density. Second, the energy dissipation capacity of the MF fibers is improved through constructing of hydrogen bond networks among modified MF resin, nano‐SiO2, and/or polyvinyl alcohol and forming interpenetrating network structures of modified MF resin and nano‐SiO2. Third, homogeneous and stable spinning solutions without phase separation are prepared, which can reduce interior defects of MF fibers. The chemical changes in the spinning solutions with increasing temperature and the rheology behavior of the solutions are investigated. In addition, the effects of fiber compositions on microstructure, morphology, and the properties of the MF fibers are also systematically studied. The prepared MF fibers possess high fire retardancy (i.e., limiting oxygen index >40%), thermal stability (i.e., Tmax >360°C), and mechanical properties (i.e., tensile strength >2.5 cN/dtex).

Synthesis of spinnable melamine formaldehyde resin prepolymer using ionic liquid and performance regulation of melamine fibers

“…The LOI of the MF fiber obtained by the optimal conditions is 34.6% and its fire‐retardant properties is better than MF/PVA composite fibers 14 . Because of the excellent fire‐retardant properties of MF fiber, it can be used in the field of fireproof materials and industrial protection involving fire and thermal insulation 18 …”

“…14 Because of the excellent fire-retardant properties of MF fiber, it can be used in the field of fireproof materials and industrial protection involving fire and thermal insulation. 18…”

“…At present, this research is still in the laboratory stage. In addition, the process of MF fiber prepared by the melt spinning process had more characteristics and advantages in terms of production cost and production efficiency 18 . However, there were no follow‐up reports on this technology, and there was still a long way to go before industrialization.…”

Degradable Melamine-Based Adhesives Using Dynamic Silyl Ether Bonds

“…Hexamethylolmelamine (HMM) has been noted as an important intermediate in the formation of these networks and many additional alkoxy derivatives, such as hexakis(methoxymethyl)melamine (HMMM), can be readily derived from HMM . These triazines are used as cross-linkers and are common additives to enhance the flame retardancy of various polymers. − …”

Preparation of poly(melamine‐formaldehyde‐2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine) high‐performance fibers

“…However, dry spinning is a more convenient and environmentally friendly fiber preparation method in the chemical fiber industry, compared to wet spinning with complex washing processes. Xiong et al 14 prepared MF/PVA composite fibers by dry spinning, and the mechanical properties of the fibers were improved by adding nanoparticles and other physical hybrid spinning. In the current research work, the method of adding fiber-forming agent is used to improve the spinnability of MF spinning solution.…”