“…The early researches on the Extremum Seeking (ES) date bake to 1920s [1] and since then this strategy has been extensively exploited to solve several optimisation problems in electronics [2], mechatronics [3], mechanics [4], aerodynamics [5], thermohydraulics [6], and thermoacoustic [7]. Some of the most popular ES schemes are those proposed in [8,9], which represent the subject of the proposed analysis, although a remarkable variety of schemes were proposed, such as the adoption of an integral action in [10], the use of a cost function's parameter estimator [11,12], the introduction of an observer [13], the extension to fractional derivatives in [3], the use of a predictor to compensate output delays in [14], the implementation of a Newton-based algorithm avoiding the Hessian matrix inversion [15,16], and the concurrent use of a simplex-method to find the global minimiser [17].…”