“…In Brazil, large areas of the southern and southeastern regions are naturally susceptible to natural hazard-induced disasters, mainly due to intense and frequent rainfall in an environment dominated by plains, narrow valleys, and steep slopes (Tominaga et al, 2009;Mendes et al, 2018;Mendonça and Silva, 2020). The events of floods and landslides caused by heavy rains in 2000 in Campos do Jordão (State of São Paulo) (Mendes et al, 2018);in 2008 in the Itajaí River Basin (State of Santa Catarina) (Gouvea et al, 2017); in 2011 in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro (State of Rio de Janeiro) (Dourado et al, 2012), and in 2020 in the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista (State of São Paulo), which led to 44 deaths and 17 injuries (Freitas et al, 2022) are some examples of disasters of significant impact in these regions. More recently, an extremely rare precipitation event occurred along the São Paulo coast between February 18th and 19th, 2023, with a precipitation volume reaching 600 mm within 24 h, resulting in 65 deaths and dozens of injuries (residents and tourists) and around two thousand homeless people (Costa, 2023).…”