1998
DOI: 10.1038/34419
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Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) is a disease controlled by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which results from T-cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. The incomplete concordance in identical twins and the presence of autoreactive T cells and autoantibodies in individuals who do not develop diabetes suggest that other abnormalities must occur in the immune system for disease to result. We therefore investigated a series of at-risk non-progressors and type 1 di… Show more

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Cited by 633 publications
(510 citation statements)
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“…CD1d-dependent NK T lymphocytes are a distinct T cell subset that may be important for the regulation of the immune response 3 4 5 7 9 42. Reliable cell surface markers that define this population have been lacking, however, and therefore it has been difficult to precisely enumerate these lymphocytes in ontogeny or during immune responses.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…CD1d-dependent NK T lymphocytes are a distinct T cell subset that may be important for the regulation of the immune response 3 4 5 7 9 42. Reliable cell surface markers that define this population have been lacking, however, and therefore it has been difficult to precisely enumerate these lymphocytes in ontogeny or during immune responses.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…NKT cells are believed to mediate many of their functions through a capacity to rapidly release cytokines in response to stimulation. Defects in the potency of the NKT cell cytokine response have been implicated as a factor in some autoimmune diseases, most prominently Type 1 diabetes [16,36,37]. We therefore compared the rapid cytokine response of NKT cells from Aire 1/1 and Aire À/À mice by stimulating the cells with PMA and ionomcyin for 2 h and assaying cytokine production by intracellular cytokine staining.…”
Section: Nkt Cell Cytokine Productionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In mouse models, NKT cells can suppress a number of different autoimmune diseases [4], including type 1 diabetes and experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), yet also enhance pro-inflammatory immune responses that promote tumor rejection and clearance of some microbial infections [5][6][7]. Several studies have linked NKT cell deficiencies with cancer and autoimmune disease in humans [8][9][10][11], with a few exceptions [12]. In NKT cell-deficient NOD mice, the systemic NKT cell deficiency appears to originate in the thymus [13], but whether the highly variable frequency of NKT cells in human blood is also linked to NKT cell levels in the thymus is unknown, because no human studies have directly compared thymus and blood NKT cells from the same donors.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%