Extractability of polyphenols from black currant, red currant and gooseberry and their antioxidant activity

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed extracts of Ribes (black currant, red currant and gooseberry) fruits obtained with methanol, methanol 50% and water. For each extract total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content and total anthocyanin content was assessed. The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging capacity and by the photo-chemiluminescence (PCL) method. Identification and quantification of individual phenolic compounds was performed by means of high performance liquid chromatograph coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) analyses. From each fruit, best extraction of polyphenols was obtained with methanol 50%. In case of red currants and gooseberry there was no significant difference in flavonoids and anthocyanins extraction rate by the different extraction solvents. For black currants the methanol and methanol 50% extract presented the highest antioxidant activity. For red currants extracts with methanol 50% showed stronger antioxidant activity (IC = 5.71 mg/ml for DPPH, IC = 1.17 mg/ml for ABTS) than those with methanol or water. In case of gooseberry by the DPPH test the water extract proved to be the most active (IC = 5.9 mg/ml). In the PCL test black currants methanol 50% extract was over 6 times more powerful as the ones from red currants. In case of gooseberries, water extract presented the highest antioxidant activity (41.84 μmol AAE/g). In black currant cyanidin-3-glucoside was the major compound. Quercetin 3-O-glucoside was identified in each sample. From cinnamic acid derivatives neochlorogenic acid was present in black currants in the highest amount (356.33 μg/g).

Antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of the most widely appreciated cultivated berry species: A comparative study

“…Total phenolic acids were found between 113.73 and 1,822 mg GAE • 100 g -1 FW in raspberries, between 48.9 and 690.2 mg GAE • 100 g -1 FW in blackberries and between 290 and 2,611 mg GAE • 100 g -1 FW in gooseberries (Proteggente et al, 2002;Wada and Ou, 2002;Wang and Lin, 2002;Pantelidis et al, 2007;Giovanelli et al, 2012). In other studies, antioxidant activity was found in line with the findings of the present study in fruits of raspberry, blackberry and gooseberry (Wang and Lin, 2002;Barros et al, 2010;Bobinaitė et al, 2012;Laczkó-Zöldi et al, 2018;Chanyotha et al, 2019). Researchers determined the values of anthocyanin in raspberry 15.1-608.24 mg • 100 g -1 FW), blackberry (35.1-230.74 mg 100 • g -1 FW) and gooseberry (1.3-152.2 mg • 100 g -1 ) among different amounts (Laleh et al, 2006;Buřičová et al, 2011;Narváez-Cuenca et al, 2014;Kostecka-Gugała et al, 2015).…”

Influence of agricultural technology elements on parameters of currant bush

“…Ця культура починає плодоносити на 2-й рік, а повноцінний врожай отримують на 3-й рік після садіння. Потенційна врожайність її становить понад 12 т/га [3,4]. За сприятливих погодних умов вона плодоносить щорічно.…”

“…Проте тенденція впливу удобрення та мульчування прикущових смуг була подібною. У варіанті без добрив цей показник становив 0,65-0,70 м 3 . Застосування N60P90K90 збільшувала його на 20-30 %, позакореневого підживлення препаратом Ріверм 3 % -на 50-51 % залежно від утримання при кущових смуг.…”

“…Утримання міжрядь під залуженням знижує ефективність удобрення та мульчування прикущових смуг. Параметри куща смородини становлять відповідно 1,16-1,21 м, 15,0 м, 0,99 м 3 .…”

“…The retention of soil in the rows most influences the growth of shoots of black currant plants. For keeping the soil under clean steam, shoot growth is 7.5-24.0 m, height is 1.08-1.29 m, volume of the bush is 0.85-1.22 m 3…”