“…Stem cell-derived EVs have been reported to contain transcription factors that are secreted by stem cells, which are responsible for maintaining stem cell properties, as well as secreted signaling molecules, such as WNTs, TGF-β, and β-catenin, implicated in EV-mediated therapeutic actions [ 75 , 76 , 77 ]. EVs can also convey RNAs, including mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs, which represent their cells of origin [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Interestingly, EVs possess the capacity to transfer specific proteins and genetic materials to the recipient cells and, also, EV membranes can be engineered using organ-specific therapeutic proteins or drugs for treating the incurable disease of target organs [ 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ].…”