Extortion of a Staking Pool in a Proof-of-Stake Consensus Mechanism

Bhudia, Alpesh; Cartwright, Anna; Cartwright, Edward; Hernández-Castro, Julio; Hurley-Smith, Darren

doi:10.1109/coins54846.2022.9854946

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Slashing is a mechanism for policing behaviour collectively. Importantly, a malicious actor who has compromised a validator's signing key would be able to intentionally commit actions that would result in severe slashing penalties [54].…”

Section: Liveness Protection and Slashingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating MEV Attacks with a Two-Tiered Architecture Utilizing Verifiable Decryption

Alnajjar,

Kiraz,

Al-Bayatti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A distributed ledger is a shared and synchronized database across multiple designated nodes, often referred to as miners, validators, or peers. These nodes record, distribute, and access data to ensure security and transparency. However, these nodes can be compromised and manipulated by selectively choosing which user transactions to include, exclude, or reorder, thereby gaining an unfair advantage. This is known as a Miner/Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) attack. Existing solutions can be classified into various categories, such as MEV auction platforms and time-based ordering properties, which rely on private transaction Mempools. In this paper, we first identify some architectural weaknesses inherent in the latest proposals that divide the block creation and execution roles into separate functions: block builders and block executors. The existing schemes mainly suffer from the verifiability of the decryption process, as a corrupted builder or executor can simply deny the inclusion of specific targeted transactions by exploiting the fact that all transactions are in plain format. To address this, we propose an enhanced version that incorporates a verifiable decryption process. On a very high level, within our proposal, whenever an executor or a builder performs a decryption, the decrypted values must be broadcasted. This enables any entity in the network to publicly verify whether the decryption was executed correctly. In this way, this approach prevents malicious behaviour by either party from going undetected. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive security analysis of our protocol against potential adversaries and present a performance analysis of the proposed solution.

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Section: Liveness Protection and Slashingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating MEV Attacks with a Two-Tiered Architecture Utilizing Verifiable Decryption

Alnajjar,

Kiraz,

Al-Bayatti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Copula: a decentralized solution for construction project monitoring using blockchain

Lafhaj,

Rebai,

Hamdi

et al. 2024

SASBE

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PurposeThis study aims to introduce and evaluate the COPULA framework, a construction project monitoring solution based on blockchain designed to address the inherent challenges of construction project monitoring and management. This research aims to enhance efficiency, transparency and trust within the dynamic and collaborative environment of the construction industry by leveraging the decentralized, secure and immutable nature of blockchain technology.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs a comprehensive approach encompassing the formulation of the COPULA model, the development of a digital solution using the ethereum blockchain and extensive testing to assess performance in terms of execution cost, time, integrity, immutability and security. A case analysis is conducted to demonstrate the practical application and benefits of blockchain technology in real-world construction project monitoring scenarios.FindingsThe findings reveal that the COPULA framework effectively addresses critical issues such as centralization, privacy and security vulnerabilities in construction project management. It facilitates seamless data exchange among stakeholders, ensuring real-time transparency and the creation of a tamper-proof communication channel. The framework demonstrates the potential to significantly enhance project efficiency and foster trust among all parties involved.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the study provides promising insights into the application of blockchain technology in construction project monitoring, future research could explore the integration of COPULA with existing project management methodologies to broaden its applicability and impact. Further investigations into the solution’s scalability and adaptation to various construction project types and sizes are also suggested.Originality/valueThis research offers a comprehensive blockchain solution specifically tailored for the construction industry. Unlike prior studies focusing on theoretical aspects, this paper presents a practical, end-to-end solution encompassing model formulation, digital implementation, proof-of-concept testing and validation analysis. The COPULA framework marks a significant advancement in the digital transformation of construction project monitoring, providing a novel approach to overcoming longstanding industry challenges.

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Game Theoretic Modelling of a Ransom and Extortion Attack on Ethereum Validators

Bhudia,

Cartwright,

Cartwright

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security

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Extortion of a Staking Pool in a Proof-of-Stake Consensus Mechanism

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Mitigating MEV Attacks with a Two-Tiered Architecture Utilizing Verifiable Decryption

Mitigating MEV Attacks with a Two-Tiered Architecture Utilizing Verifiable Decryption

Copula: a decentralized solution for construction project monitoring using blockchain

Game Theoretic Modelling of a Ransom and Extortion Attack on Ethereum Validators

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