Expression Patterns and Gene Analysis of the Cellulose Synthase Gene Superfamily in Eucalyptus grandis

Liu, Guo; Xie, Yaojian; Shang, Xiuhua; Wu, Zhihua

doi:10.3390/f12091254

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…All six CesA transcripts were downregulated in UG9Y, and F01_transcript_94430 encoding CesA4 was significantly upregulated in UG11Y than UG9Y in UG9Y vs. UG11Y. CesA4 was upregulated in tissues rich in the rapidly dividing cells undergoing primary wall synthesis in E. urograndis [ 38 , 39 ], which was consistent with the growth characteristics between UG9Y and UG11Y (DBH growth or primary growth was more). The expression of F01_transcript_9168 encoding Susy was the highest in UG3Y.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Three wood properties (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents) of E. urograndis samples were measured. A double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the measurement of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents by using the plant cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin ELISA Kits (Jining Shiye, Shanghai, China), respectively [ 39 ]. The concentrations of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the samples were determined by comparing the OD values of the samples with those of the standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genes expression profiles in vascular cambium of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis at different ages

Liu,

Wu,

Luo

et al. 2023

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Wood is a secondary xylem generated by vascular cambium. Vascular cambium activities mainly include cambium proliferation and vascular tissue formation through secondary growth, thereby producing new secondary phloem inward and secondary xylem outward and leading to continuous tree thickening and wood formation. Wood formation is a complex biological process, which is strictly regulated by multiple genes. Therefore, molecular level research on the vascular cambium of different tree ages can lead to the identification of both key and related genes involved in wood formation and further explain the molecular regulation mechanism of wood formation. Results In the present study, RNA-Seq and Pac-Bio Iso-Seq were used for profiling gene expression changes in Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis (E. urograndis) vascular cambium at four different ages. A total of 59,770 non-redundant transcripts and 1892 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The expression trends of the DEGs related to cell division and differentiation, cell wall biosynthesis, phytohormone, and transcription factors were analyzed. The DEGs encoding expansin, kinesin, cycline, PAL, GRP9, KNOX, C2C2-dof, REV, etc., were highly expressed in E. urograndis at three years old, leading to positive effects on growth and development. Moreover, some gene family members, such as NAC, MYB, HD-ZIP III, RPK, and RAP, play different regulatory roles in wood formation because of their sophisticated transcriptional network and function redundantly. Conclusions These candidate genes are a potential resource to further study wood formation, especially in fast-growing and adaptable eucalyptus. The results may also serve as a basis for further research to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying wood formation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes expression profiles in vascular cambium of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis at different ages

Liu,

Wu,

Luo

et al. 2023

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Consistent with the smaller cells in the xylem of treated plants, many genes responsible for cellulose synthesis were downregulated, including Eg1,4-GTF ( Daras et al. 2021 ), EgCESAs ( Polko and Kieber 2019 ), EgCSLs ( Liu et al. 2021 ), EgCOBLs ( Lampugnani et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Xylem cell size regulation is a key adaptive response to water deficit in Eucalyptus grandis

Keret,

Drew,

Hills

2024

Tree Physiology

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Future climatic scenarios forecast increasingly frequent droughts that will pose substantial consequences on tree mortality. In light of this, drought-tolerant eucalypts have been propagated, however, the severity of these conditions will invoke adaptive responses, impacting the commercially valuable wood properties. To determine what mechanisms govern the wood anatomical adaptive response, highly controlled drought experiments were conducted in E. grandis, with the tree physiology and transcriptome closely monitored. In response to water deficit, E. grandis displays an isohydric stomatal response to conserve water and enable stem growth to continue, albeit at a reduced rate. Maintaining gaseous exchange is likely a critical short-term response that drives the formation of hydraulically-safer xylem. For instance, the development of significantly smaller fibers and vessels was found to increase cellular density, thereby promoting drought tolerance through improved functional redundancy, as well as implosion and cavitation resistance. The transcriptome was explored to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for controlling xylem cell size during prolonged water deficit. Downregulation of genes associated with cell wall remodelling and the biosynthesis of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin appeared to coincide with a reduction in cellular enlargement during drought. Furthermore, transcript levels of NAC and MYB transcription factors, vital for cell wall component biosynthesis, were reduced, while those linked to lignification increased. The upregulation of EgCAD and various peroxidases under water deficit did not correlate with an increased lignin composition. However, with the elevated cellular density, a higher lignin content per xylem cross-sectional area was observed, potentially enhancing hydraulic safety. These results support the requirement for higher density, drought-adapted wood as a long-term adaptive response in E. grandis, which is largely influenced by the isohydric stomatal response coupled with cellular expansion-related molecular processes.

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“…All six CesA transcripts were downregulated in UG9Y, and F01_transcript_94430 encoding CesA4 was signi cantly upregulated in UG11Y than UG9Y in UG9Y vs. UG11Y. CesA4 was upregulated in tissues rich in the rapidly dividing cells undergoing primary wall synthesis in E. urograndis [38,39], which was consistent with the growth characteristics between UG9Y and UG11Y (DBH growth or primary growth was more). The expression of F01_transcript_9168 encoding Susy was the highest in UG3Y.…”

Section: Expression Patterns Of Degs Related To Cell Wall Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Three wood properties (α-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents) of E. urograndis samples were measured. A double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the measurement of α-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents by using the plant α-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin ELISA Kits (Jining Shiye, Shanghai, China), respectively [39]. The concentrations of α-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the samples were determined by comparing the OD values of the samples with those of the standard.…”

Section: Wood Property Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes encoding vascular cambium activity of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis revealed by transcriptomic analyses

Guo

Luo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Vascular cambium activities mainly include cambium proliferation and vascular tissue formation through secondary growth, thereby producing new secondary phloem inward and secondary xylem outward and leading to continuous tree thickening and wood for-mation. Therefore, the analysis of the molecular mechanism underlying wood vascular cambium activities can lead to the identification of both key and related genes involved in the for-mation, development, and differentiation of vascular cambium. Results: In the present study, RNA-Seq and Pac-Bio Iso-Seq were used for profiling gene expression changes in Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis (E. urograndis) vascular cambium at four different ages. A total of 59,770 non-redundant transcripts and 1892 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The expression trends of the DEGs related to cell division and differentiation, cell wall biosynthesis, phytohormone, and transcription factors were analyzed. The DEGs encoding expansin, kinesin, cycline, PAL, GRP9, KNOX, C2C2-dof, REV, etc., were highly expressed in E. urograndis at three years old, leading to positive effects on growth and development. Moreover, some gene family members, such as NAC, MYB, HD-ZIP III, RPK, and RAP, play different regulatory roles in vascular cambium activity because of their sophisticated transcriptional network and function redundantly. Conclusions: These candidate genes are a potential resource to further study vascular cambium activity, espe-cially in fast-growing and adaptable eucalyptus. The results may also serve as a basis for further research to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying wood formation.

show abstract

Expression Patterns and Gene Analysis of the Cellulose Synthase Gene Superfamily in Eucalyptus grandis

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Genes expression profiles in vascular cambium of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis at different ages

Genes expression profiles in vascular cambium of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis at different ages

Xylem cell size regulation is a key adaptive response to water deficit in Eucalyptus grandis

Genes encoding vascular cambium activity of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis revealed by transcriptomic analyses

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