Expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in stifle joint synovial tissues of dogs with or without osteoarthritis

Kuroki, Keiichi; Stoker, Aaron M.; Sims, Hannah J.; Cook, James L.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.71.7.750

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Zhang et al showed that activation of different TLRs had a differential effect on collagenase gene expression [153]. TLR-4 gene expression was increased in the synovial tissue of stifle joints with OA induced by cranial cruciate ligament transection in dogs, but expression of TLR-2 remained unchanged [154]. MyD88 dependent TLR2/TLR4 signaling was demonstrated as crucial in mediating catabolic responses to low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA) and HMG-B1 in murine cartilage explants [155].…”

Section: Major Signaling Pathways Involved In Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopathogenesis of osteoarthritis

Haseeb

Haqqi

2013

Clinical Immunology

350

295

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Even though osteoarthritis (OA) is mainly considered as a degradative condition of the articular cartilage, there is increasing body of data demonstrating the involvement of all branches of the immune system. Genetic, metabolic or mechanical factors cause an initial injury to the cartilage resulting in release of several cartilage specific auto-antigens, which trigger the activation of immune response. Immune cells including T cells, B cells and macrophages infiltrate the joint tissues, cytokines and chemokines are released from different kind of cells present in the joint, complement system is activated, cartilage degrading factors such as matrix metalloproteins (MMPs) and prostaglanding E2 (PGE2) are released, resulting in further damage to the articular cartilage. There is considerable success in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using anti-cytokine therapies. In OA, however, these therapies did not show much effect, highlighting more complex nature of pathogenesis of OA. This needs the development of more novel approaches to treat OA, which may include therapies that act on multiple targets. Plant natural products have this kind of properties and may be considered for future drug development efforts. Here we reviewed the studies implicating different components of the immune system in the pathogenesis of OA.

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Section: Major Signaling Pathways Involved In Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopathogenesis of osteoarthritis

Haseeb

Haqqi

2013

Clinical Immunology

350

295

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“…TLRs have been found to have important roles in several canine diseases such as anal furunculosis (House et al 2008), osteoarthritis (Kuroki et al 2010), inflammatory bowel disease (McMahon et al 2010) and pyometra (Chotimanukul and Sirivaidyapong, 2011) to name a few. Investigations into the importance of TLRs in CanL are ongoing, but at present preliminary.…”

Section: Tlrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on adaptive and innate immunity in canine leishmaniosis

2016

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SUMMARYCanine leishmaniosis (CanL) is caused by the parasite Leishmania infantum and is a systemic disease, which can present with variable clinical signs, and clinicopathological abnormalities. Clinical manifestations can range from subclinical infection to very severe systemic disease. Leishmaniosis is categorized as a neglected tropical disease and the complex immune responses associated with Leishmania species makes therapeutic treatments and vaccine development challenging for both dogs and humans. In this review, we summarize innate and adaptive immune responses associated with L. infantum infection in dogs, and we discuss the problems associated with the disease as well as potential solutions and the future direction of required research to help control the parasite.

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“…In the canine patient the role of TLR4 during sepsis and the related systemic inflammatory response syndrome has still not been investigated. However, a potential role of TLR4 in dogs with osteoarthritis [40] and chronic enteropathies [20] was proven.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-like receptors 4 and 9 are responsible for the maintenance of the inflammatory reaction in canine steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis, a large animal model for neutrophilic meningitis

Maiolini

Carlson

Tipold

2012

J Neuroinflammation

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BackgroundSteroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) is a systemic inflammatory disease affecting young adult dogs and a potential large animal model for neutrophilic meningitis. Similarities between SRMA and infectious central nervous system (CNS) diseases in lymphocyte subsets suggest an infectious origin.Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors playing an important role in innate immunity. Due to their ability to recognize both self and non-self antigens, we hypothesize that TLRs are among the key factors for the induction of the inflammatory process in SRMA and provide an indirect hint on the etiology of the disease.MethodsThe expression profile of cell surface TLRs (TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5) and intracellular TLRs (TLR3 and TLR9) of canine leukocytes was analyzed by immunophenotyping and subsequent flow cytometric measurements. Experiments were performed on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) samples of dogs affected with SRMA during the acute phase (n = 14) as well as during treatment (n = 23) and compared with those of dogs with bacterial meningitis (n = 3), meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (n = 6), neoplasia of the central nervous system (n = 6) and a group of dogs with miscellaneous neurological diseases (n = 9). Two additional control groups consisted of dogs with pyogenic infections (n = 13) and of healthy dogs (n = 6).ResultsAll examined groups showed a high percentage of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5 positive PB polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in comparison to healthy dogs. Very high values of TLR9 positive PB PMNs were detected in acute SRMA. Only a few similarities were found between SRMA patients and dogs with pyogenic infections, both groups were characterized by high expression of TLR4 positive PB monocytes. Glucocorticosteroid therapy reduced TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 expression in PB monocytes.ConclusionsA relatively high expression of TLR4 and TLR9 in acute SRMA suggests that these two receptors might be involved in the inflammatory process in SRMA, enhancing the autoimmune reaction. Systematic CSF cell analysis for TLRs can be performed in future treatment studies in larger animals, such as dogs.

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Expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in stifle joint synovial tissues of dogs with or without osteoarthritis

Abstract: Increased TLR-4 gene expression in the synovial tissue of SJs with osteoarthritis secondary to CrCLt suggests that activation of innate immunity may play a role in the pathophysiology of SJ osteoarthritis in at least a subset of dogs.

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Immunopathogenesis of osteoarthritis

Immunopathogenesis of osteoarthritis

Insights on adaptive and innate immunity in canine leishmaniosis

Toll-like receptors 4 and 9 are responsible for the maintenance of the inflammatory reaction in canine steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis, a large animal model for neutrophilic meningitis

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