Expression of the P2X7-receptor subunit in neurons of the rat retina

Brändle, Uwe; Köhler, Konrad; Wheeler‐Schilling, Thomas H.

doi:10.1016/s0169-328x(98)00254-x

Cited by 102 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The IR pattern at P14 (Fig. 1C) resembled that observed at P7 and in adult animals from our previous study (Braendle et al, 1998b).…”

Section: P2x 7 Expression In the Rat Retinasupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In our previous studies performed on adult rat retina, P2X 7 was detected in identified RGCs (Braendle et al, 1998b), and labeling was clearly seen in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL), indicating that both RGCs and subpopulations of amacrine cells express this subunit. Because full activation of P2X 7 receptors may have a deleterious effect on the complex retinal electrical circuits, the aim of the present study was to assess whether these receptors were functional and endowed with the ability to induce permeabilization of retinal cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…To show that P2X 7 is not only expressed in the adult rat retina (Braendle et al, 1998b) but also at the ages when the physiological experiments of the present study were performed, we performed immunocytochemical experiments on vertical retinal slices of P2-P14 animals.…”

Section: P2x 7 Expression In the Rat Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

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ATP-Induced Non-Neuronal Cell Permeabilization in the Rat Inner Retina

Innocenti¹,

Pfeiffer²,

Zrenner³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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The P2X 7 subtype holds a special position among P2X receptors because of its ability to act both as a classical, ligand-gated ion channel, and as a permeabilization pore that can induce cell death under prolonged activation by ATP.We have shown previously that, in rat retina, P2X 7 receptors are located in the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer (GCL). The present study was aimed at finding whether retinal P2X 7 receptors can act as a mediator of cell permeabilization and, if so, at identifying the cellular target(s) of this effect.As an indicator of cell permeabilization, we used the fluorescent dye YO-PRO-1 (molecular weight, 375 Da), which enters cells only through large pores like those opened by prolonged or sustained stimulation of P2X 7 receptors and binds to DNA, providing a stable labeling of the activated cells.Different agonists for P2 receptors were tested for their ability to cause cell permeabilization in flat-mounted rat retinas. Among them, only high concentrations of ATP (500 M) and BzATP (2Ј,3Ј-O-(4-benzoyl-benzoyl)-ATP triethylammonium) (100 M) were able to induce accumulation of YO-PRO-1 in the GCL and in the nerve fiber layer, suggesting that different cell types were responding to P2X 7 stimulation. This effect was blocked by the P2 antagonists suramin and PPADS (pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2Ј,4Ј-disulfonic acid) and by the P2X 7 -selective inhibitor Brilliant Blue G.To identify the retinal cell types affected by ATP-induced permeabilization, we used in vivo labeling techniques. Our data clearly reveal that prolonged stimulation of P2X 7 receptors elicits permeabilization exclusively in microglial cells but not in neurons of the inner retina.

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“…The IR pattern at P14 (Fig. 1C) resembled that observed at P7 and in adult animals from our previous study (Braendle et al, 1998b).…”

Section: P2x 7 Expression In the Rat Retinasupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ATP-Induced Non-Neuronal Cell Permeabilization in the Rat Inner Retina

Innocenti¹,

Pfeiffer²,

Zrenner³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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“…The stable expression of the P2X 7 receptor in adult ganglion cells has been clearly demonstrated, with immunohistochemical localization found on 120-day-old rats [3]. However, levels of the P2X 7 receptor in the retina do change with age.…”

Section: P2x 7 Receptors and Ganglion Cell Agementioning

confidence: 82%

“…mRNA for the P2X 7 receptor was initially identified in the whole rat retina [3]. Subsequently, message for the P2X 7 receptor was demonstrated to be present in material isolated from single ganglion cells with a patch pipette [4].…”

Section: Localization Of P2x 7 Receptor To Retinal Ganglion Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The P2X7 receptor in retinal ganglion cells: A neuronal model of pressure-induced damage and protection by a shifting purinergic balance

Mitchell

et al. 2008

Purinergic Signalling

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Retinal ganglion cells process the visual signal and transmit it along their axons in the optic nerve to the brain. Molecular, immunohistochemical, and functional analyses indicate that the majority of retinal ganglion cells express the ionotropic P2X 7 receptor. Stimulation of the receptor can lead to a rise in intracellular calcium and cell death, although death does not involve the opening of a large diameter pore. Adenosine acting at A 3 receptors can attenuate the rise in calcium and death accompanying P2X 7 receptor activation, suggesting that dephosphorylation of ATP into adenosine is neuroprotective and that the balance of extracellular purines can influence neuronal survival. Increased intraocular pressure can lead to release of excessive extracellular ATP in the retina and damage ganglion cells by acting on P2X 7 receptors, implicating a role for the receptor in the loss of ganglion cell activity in glaucoma. In summary, the activation of P2X 7 receptors has both physiologic and pathophysiologic implications for ganglion cell function. These characteristics may also provide an insight into the contributions the P2X 7 receptor makes to neurons elsewhere.

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Effect of P2X7 Receptor Activation on the Retinal Blood Velocity of Diabetic Rabbits

Sugiyama

Oku²,

Komori³

et al. 2006

Arch Ophthalmol

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To test the effect of activation of P2X 7 receptors on retinal blood velocity in diabetic rabbits. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on healthy and diabetic rabbit eyes using P2X 7 receptor antibodies. Diabetes was induced using alloxan. Retinal blood velocity was measured with the laser speckle circulation analyzer. Visual function was assessed using electroretinography. Results: Cells in inner retinal layers were positive for anti-P2X 7 receptor antibodies in healthy rabbits. The distribution of positive cells extended to outer layers and some small vessels stained in diabetic rabbits. When assayed 24 hours after an intravitreal injection of 150 nmol of benzoylbenzoyl adenosine triphosphate (BzATP), a P2X 7 agonist, the retinal blood velocity in healthy rabbits was reduced by approximately 30%; this reduction

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Expression of the P2X7-receptor subunit in neurons of the rat retina

Cited by 102 publications

References 24 publications

ATP-Induced Non-Neuronal Cell Permeabilization in the Rat Inner Retina

ATP-Induced Non-Neuronal Cell Permeabilization in the Rat Inner Retina

The P2X7 receptor in retinal ganglion cells: A neuronal model of pressure-induced damage and protection by a shifting purinergic balance

Effect of P2X7 Receptor Activation on the Retinal Blood Velocity of Diabetic Rabbits

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