Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome 2020
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89246
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Abstract: Our previous studies have demonstrated that insulin signaling pathway has an important role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B signaling, which is critically implicated in insulin resistance, androgen secretion, obesity, and follicular development. PCOS manifests as defective ovarian steroid biosynthesis and hyperandrogenemia, and 50-70% of women with PCOS exhibit insulin resistance and are hyperinsulinemic, indicating that i… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…When looking at the signaling downstream of IRS, IRS-1-associated activation of PI3K was decreased in the skeletal muscles of women with PCOS [ 70 ]. Impaired PI3K activity may lead to a decreased activation of PKB, the main enzyme for propagating the translocation of GLUT4 to the cell membrane, resulting in reduced insulin-induced glucose uptake in target tissues [ 71 ]. Insulin is closely interconnected to the mitochondria, which are involved in regulation of cellular ATP and reactive oxygen species levels [ 72 ].…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Insulin Resistancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…When looking at the signaling downstream of IRS, IRS-1-associated activation of PI3K was decreased in the skeletal muscles of women with PCOS [ 70 ]. Impaired PI3K activity may lead to a decreased activation of PKB, the main enzyme for propagating the translocation of GLUT4 to the cell membrane, resulting in reduced insulin-induced glucose uptake in target tissues [ 71 ]. Insulin is closely interconnected to the mitochondria, which are involved in regulation of cellular ATP and reactive oxygen species levels [ 72 ].…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Insulin Resistancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Given the polymorphism of PCOS phenotype, it is considered to be a multi-gene-mediated disease ( Li et al, 2013 ; Barthelmess and Naz, 2014 ; Nandi et al, 2014 ; Wang and Wang, 2017 ). For example, PCOS has previously been related to insulin receptor (INSR) gene with racial differences ( Stewart et al, 2006 ; Wang et al, 2017a ; Lin et al, 2019 ), and the family history might be a potential risk factor for the incidence of PCOS ( Azziz and Kashar-Miller, 2000 ; Wang and Wang, 2017 ). It has been also reported that visceral obesity, proinflammatory factors, hyperinsulinemia, and IR are likely associated with the occurrence of PCOS ( Wang et al, 2015 , 2017b ; Hughan et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ).…”
Section: Pcos Pathogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…IR is a state of pathological metabolism with decreased ability to use glucose, and thus, insulin secretion is increased to compensate and maintain the normal blood glucose level, thereby leading to hyperinsulinemia. Interestingly, hyperinsulinemia not only increases androgen secretion through selectively increasing the sensitivity of theca cells to luteinizing hormone, but also increases the level of free androgen through inhibiting the synthesis of sex hormone binding globulin in the liver, thereby promoting the occurrence of PCOS ( Bremer and Miller, 2008 ; Wang et al, 2015 , 2017a , b ; Lin et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ).…”
Section: Foxo1 and Pcosmentioning
confidence: 99%
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