“…It may be more likely that foreign-owned firms are exporters in low-income countries, where such ownership brings skills and technology that are unavailable domestically, or FDI is attracted by relative labor costs. However, evidence of a positive effect of foreign ownership on exporting is provided, among others, in Bernard and Jensen (2004), Sterlacchini (2001), Philp (1998), Philp and Wickramasekera (1995), Blake and Pain (1994), Kneller and Pisu (2004), Barry and Bradley (1997), O'Sullivan (1993), Pain and Wakelin (1997), Ekholm et al (2003) and Jussaume and Kennedy (1993). Conversely, foreign-owned firms in Canada tend to export less than domestic food firms (for example, Vaughn, 1995;West & Vaughn, 1995).…”