Exploring the role of electric vehicles in Africa's energy transition: A Nigerian case study

Idealized analysis of relative values of bidirectional versus unidirectional electric vehicle charging in deeply decarbonized electricity systems

“…Overall, our findings are in line with some regional studies ( Bellocchi et al., 2019a , 2018 ; Coignard et al., 2018 ; Dioha et al., 2022a , 2022b ; Forrest et al., 2016 ; Jenn and Highleyman, 2022 ; Mangipinto et al., 2022 ; Szinai et al., 2020 ; Tarroja and Hittinger, 2021 ; Wolinetz et al., 2018 ), suggesting that V2G charging strategy could reduce the electricity system cost, when compared to V1G. However, none of these studies characterized how the cost reduction could vary across a wide range of EV loads for different electricity system configurations.…”

“…Therefore, most of the benefits from bidirectional EVs could be realized at relatively modest deployment levels in dispatchable-dominated electricity systems. Broadly, the value of bidirectional EVs in power systems dominated by VRES is that they can help reduce investment in generation capacity ( Dioha et al., 2022a , 2022b ). In addition, our analysis indicates that bidirectional EVs could stimulate investment in VRES, while contracting the capacity of grid-battery storage ( Figure 5 ).…”

“…Electrification, driven by decreasing costs and increasing incentives to limit climate change, may profoundly transform the transportation energy system in the coming years. Consequently, there is now considerable interest in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in different regions of the world with the goal of mitigating transportation-related emissions ( Dioha et al., 2022a , 2022b ; Tamor and Stechel, 2022 ). The number of EVs on the world’s roads has increased from close to zero in 2010 to over 10 million in 2020, with battery electric vehicles leading the expansion ( IEA, 2022a ).…”

“…The value of EV in terms of power system operation cost, levelized and marginal cost of electricity generation, power plant dispatch, and environmental emissions could substantially be affected by the EV charging strategy employed ( Borlaug et al., 2020 ). The effect of EV on some of the above parameters has been examined for different countries ( Bellocchi et al., 2019b , 2019a ; Booysen et al., 2022 ; Broadbent et al., 2022 ; Dioha et al., 2022a , 2022b ; Dumlao and Ishihara, 2022 ; Greaker et al., 2022 ; Hill et al., 2019 ; Jenn and Highleyman, 2022 ; Kejun et al., 2021 ; Mangipinto et al., 2022 ; Tarroja and Hittinger, 2021 ; Zhang et al., 2022 ). Although there are numerous other studies on the value of EVs, this paper focuses on the relative value of EVs based on the plausible circumstances of different regions in an idealized context.…”

Guiding the deployment of electric vehicles in the developing world

“…Transportation contributes about 24% of total global carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion (IEA 2020). To decarbonize the transportation sector in support of global climate action, electric vehicles (EVs) will play a key role (Coignard et al 2018, Taljegard et al 2019, Muratori 2021, Dioha et al 2022. The total number of EVs on the world's roads has increased from nearly zero in 2010 to over 16 million in 2021, with battery EVs (BEVs) leading the expansion (IEA 2022).…”