Exploring the Influence of Gut Microbiome on Energy Metabolism in Humans

Montenegro, Júlia; Armet, Anissa M; Willing, Benjamin P.; Deehan, Edward C.; Fassini, Priscila Giácomo; Mota, João Felipe; Walter, Jens; Prado, Carla M.

doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.015

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Several studies indicated that different bacteriome enterotypes (i.e., Prevotella type and Bacteroides -type) are linked to changes in energy metabolism, specifically in energy intake and regulation 8 , 26 , 27 . Gut bacteria alterations have been reported to influence host metabolic pathways and were strongly associated with the increased risk of obesity 35 – 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiota, comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea form a complex ecosystem that coexists with the host within the gastrointestinal tract. The role of gut bacteria has been extensively explored in terms of nutrient metabolism, immune modulation, and pathogen defense 6 – 8 . However, the significance of gut fungi, also known as the gut mycobiome, has received comparatively less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary characterization of gut mycobiome enterotypes reveals the correlation trends between host metabolic parameter and diet: a case study in the Thai Cohort

Mok,

Poolsawat,

Somnuk

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The association between the gut mycobiome and its potential influence on host metabolism in the Thai Cohort was assessed. Two distinct predominant enterotypes, Saccharomyces (Sa) and Aspergillus/Penicillium (Ap/Pe) showed differences in gut mycobiota diversity and composition. Notably, the Sa enterotype exhibited lower evenness and richness, likely due to the prevalence of Saccharomyces, while both enterotypes displayed unique metabolic behaviors related to nutrient metabolism and body composition. Fiber consumption was positively correlated with adverse body composition and fasting glucose levels in individuals with the Sa enterotype, whereas in the Ap/Pe enterotype it was positively correlated with fat and protein intake. The metabolic functional analysis revealed the Sa enterotype associated with carbohydrate metabolism, while the Ap/Pe enterotype involved in lipid metabolism. Very interestingly, the genes involved in the pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathway, such as polygalacturonase and l-arabinose-isomerase, were enriched in the Sa enterotype signifying a metabolic capacity for complex carbohydrate degradation and utilization of less common sugars as energy sources. These findings highlight the interplay between gut mycobiome composition, dietary habits, and metabolic outcomes within the Thai cohort studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary characterization of gut mycobiome enterotypes reveals the correlation trends between host metabolic parameter and diet: a case study in the Thai Cohort

Mok,

Poolsawat,

Somnuk

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…The dynamic association of the human individual genetic configuration, the regimen composition, the gut bacterial genome (microbiome), and the immune system outlines the levels of thousands of metabolites in the human plasma metabolome (Campbell et al, 2023). However, no in-depth studies have been reported on the mediation of gut microbiota on the metabolism of essential nutrients and its impact on the regulation of gut function, metabolic control, nutrient requirements, and health modulation (Montenegro et al, 2023).…”

Section: The Interlink Genotype-food Composition-microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The imprecision of micronutrient requirement values: the example of vitamin D

Fernandes,

Bell

2023

Journal of Food Science

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Food, not nutrients, is the fundamental unit in nutrition. Nutrient requirement values and recommended daily intakes have long been determined and organized in tables by several regulators. These figures, however, overlook the complexity of mixing different foods in a diet and the mediation by human gut microbiota on digestion, metabolism, and health. The microbiome molecular mechanisms and its potential influence on nutrient requirements are far from clear. Guidelines should depend on the sort of intake, along with the dietary habits, rather than focusing on single nutrients. Despite many decades of attempts to investigate the proximate nutrient composition of foods consumed by different world populations, there are still neither standardization of food composition databases nor harmonized dietary intake methods of assessment of nutrients. No all‐inclusive attempt was yet made to emphasize the requirements of the various micronutrients, phytonutrients, and non‐nutrients on gut microbiota and vice versa, and thereafter reflected into dietary guidelines. New multifaceted methods have been advanced to reevaluate the way nutrients and nutrient requirements are assessed within the intricate biological systems. Our main goal here was to enhance the fact that existing food guidelines hold inherent strengths and limitations but fail, in many aspects, namely, in not taking into account essential geographical, ethnic and cultural differences, and the different stages of life, infant nutrition, and the microbiota impact on several micronutrient requirements. Vitamin D is given as an illustration on present inaccuracy of its requirements. Defining dietary reference intakes is therefore an ongoing process specific for each population.

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“…The gut microbiota can harvest energy from food components that our digestive enzymes are incapable of degrading, synthesize vitamins, and suppress the colonization of harmful bacteria. [33][34][35][36] The microbiota may also play a role in the development of gut immune function and maintenance of the gut barrier. 33,35,37 For example, in germ-free animals, there is a reduction of gut-associated immune cells and impairments in lymphoid structures, which are restored when the animals are treated with commensal microbes.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Populations and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resiliency of the Digestive System During Aging and the Impact of Diet

2023

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Increases in life expectancy are contributing to rapid growth in the aging population around the globe. Aging is accompanied by physiological decline and susceptibility to age-related diseases. To enable healthy aging, it is important to understand the independent effects of aging on biological systems and how comorbidities and lifestyle factors may influence the health of these systems. The digestive system is a multifunctional set of tissues and organs that not only enable the digestion and absorption of nutrients, but also serves as a physical and immunological barrier to the external environment and the primary interface to commensal microbes. This review examined current evidence regarding the effects of aging on gastrointestinal function, including digestion, absorption, motility, microbiome, and barrier function. Overall, the digestive system is quite resilient to the normal aging process with comorbidities and other lifestyle factors contributing to most digestive health issues associated with aging. Emerging research on the gut microbiome and barrier function suggests an important role for the digestive system in the etiology of many age-related diseases and demonstrates how diet may be able to modify the effects of chronic diseases.

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Exploring the Influence of Gut Microbiome on Energy Metabolism in Humans

Cited by 18 publications

References 82 publications

Preliminary characterization of gut mycobiome enterotypes reveals the correlation trends between host metabolic parameter and diet: a case study in the Thai Cohort

Preliminary characterization of gut mycobiome enterotypes reveals the correlation trends between host metabolic parameter and diet: a case study in the Thai Cohort

The imprecision of micronutrient requirement values: the example of vitamin D

Resiliency of the Digestive System During Aging and the Impact of Diet

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