Exploring rain forest diversification using demographic model testing in the African foam‐nest treefrog <i>Chiromantis rufescens</i>

Leaché, Adam D.; Portik, Daniel M.; Rivera, Danielle; Rödel, Mark‐Oliver; Penner, Johannes; Gvoždík, Václav; Greenbaum, Eli; Jongsma, Gregory F.M.; Ofori‐Boateng, Caleb; Burger, Marius; Eniang, Edem A.; Bell, Rayna C.; Fujita, Matthew K.

doi:10.1111/jbi.13716

Cited by 35 publications

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“…These species groups probably originated during the Miocene-Pliocene transition and subsequently during the Pliocene, when the African climate generally changed to drier conditions and oscillations between arid and humid conditions increased (Ruddiman, 1989). Our dating estimates generally match the dating of split events received for the afrobatrachian frogs (Portik et al, 2019) corresponding to the Miocene-Pliocene radiation of species groups and the Pleistocene age of closely related species pairs. A new lineage uncovered from the northern mountains of the CVL, named the P. arcanus species group, contains two new species from the Gotel Mts.…”

Section: Phylogeny Taxonomy and Biogeographysupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The identification of "P. hylaios" from Mt. Nlonako by Herrmann et al (2005) also remains questionable based on the biogeographic patterns (mountains north of the Sanaga River harbor usually different evolutionary lineages in amphibians; Portik et al, 2017;Charles et al, 2018;Leaché et al, 2019) until the specimen is thoroughly investigated. Last, "P. hylaios" on the photograph in Channing & Rödel (2019) also does not correspond to the morphology of P. hylaios (e.g., missing dark face mask).…”

Section: Phylogeny Taxonomy and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae:Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line

Gvoždík

Nečas

Dolinay

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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The Cameroon Volcanic Line, a mountain chain located between West and Central Africa, is a region of numerous endemic diversifications, including of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachus). This study reviews the phylogeny and taxonomy of puddle frogs of the "Cameroon radiation," which is a clade containing mainly montane but also at least three lowland species. Molecular data revealed a novel evolutionary lineage from high altitudes in the northern part of the mountains. Puddle frogs from the new, minute-sized (SVL < 20 mm) lineage are identified using molecular, morphological and acoustic data and described as two new species, Phrynobatrachus arcanus sp. nov. (Gotel Mountains, Cameroon-Nigeria) and P. mbabo sp. nov. (Tchabal Mbabo, Cameroon). The tadpole of the first species is also described. Phylogenetic analyses placed the new lineage to the proximity of the recently described lowland small-sized taxa (P. horsti, P. ruthbeateae). Based on the inferred phylogeny, we propose five species groups within the Cameroon radiation: P. arcanus, P. chukuchuku, P. ruthbeateae, P. steindachneri, and P. werneri. The taxonomically enigmatic P. hylaios is proposed to be a member of the P. ruthbeateae species group. The basal radiation evolved during the late Miocene with subsequent diversifications occurring during the Pliocene, while closely related terminal taxa originated during the Pleistocene. We recommend that the newly described species are categorized as Critically Endangered due to their limited ranges and because recent surveys did not identify any individuals at the type localities. This further supports the need for conservation interventions in the mountains of Cameroon and Nigeria.

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Section: Phylogeny Taxonomy and Biogeographysupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Phylogeny Taxonomy and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae:Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line

Gvoždík

Nečas

Dolinay

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…Although initially these refugia were identified using species distributional patterns for birds and plants, an increasing number of recent studies have utilized molecular data to infer the geographical location of intraspecific diversity (i.e lineages or populations within species) across the Afrotropics. These studies have demonstrated contemporary phylogeographic patterns that suggest broadly concordant historical refugia in mammals (Bohoussou et al, 2015;Bryja, Mikula, Patzen, et al, 2014;Bryja, Mikula, Šumbera, et al, 2014;Bryja et al, 2017;Gaubert et al, 2016;Mizerovská et al, 2019;Nicolas et al, 2011), including other primates, (Anthony et al, 2014;Clifford et al, 2004;Gonder et al, 2011;Pozzi, 2016;Telfer et al, 2003), amphibians (Charles et al, 2018Leaché et al, 2019;Portik et al, 2017), and plants (Faye et al, 2016;Hardy et al, 2013;Piñeiro, Dauby, Kaymak, & Hardy, 2017;Piñeiro et al, 2019), albeit with some differences between species due to different ecological characteristics and idiosyncratic responses to climatic changes (Lowe, Harris, Dormontt, & Dawson, 2010).…”

Section: Understanding Historical and Recent Factors Shaping Contempomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for a large number of wild chimpanzee populations. Rapid developments in the generation and analysis of genomewide molecular data over the past decade have revealed detailed demographic histories, enabling the identification of diversification mechanisms due to forest refugia, which are characterised by divergence, isolation, and secondary contact as refugial habitats fragment and reconnect with each other during glacial cycles (Barratt et al 2018;Charles et al, 2018;Leaché et al, 2019;Portik et al, 2017, Feng, Ruhsam, Wang, Li & Wang, in press). The ability to distinguish signals of forest refugia from other diversification mechanisms such as landscape barriers, ecological gradients, and anthropogenic habitat fragmentation, would represent a powerful approach for gaining a more mechanistic understanding of population diversification.…”

Section: Future Directions For Understanding Diversification Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary habitat suitability models for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) since the Last Interglacial (120,000 BP)

Barratt

Lester

Gratton

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AimPaleoclimate reconstructions have enhanced our understanding of how past climates may have shaped present-day biodiversity. We hypothesize that habitat stability in historical Afrotropical refugia played a major role in the habitat suitability and persistence of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) during the late Quaternary. We aimed to build a dynamic model of changing habitat suitability for chimpanzees at fine spatio-temporal scales to provide a new resource for understanding their ecology, behaviour and evolution.LocationAfrotropics.TaxonChimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), including all four subspecies (P. t. verus, P. t. ellioti, P. t. troglodytes, P. t. schweinfurthii).MethodsWe used downscaled bioclimatic variables representing monthly temperature and precipitation estimates, historical human population density data and an extensive database of georeferenced presence points to infer chimpanzee habitat suitability at 62 paleoclimatic time periods across the Afrotropics based on ensemble species distribution models. We mapped habitat stability over time using an approach that accounts for dispersal between time periods, and compared our modelled stability estimates to existing knowledge of Afrotropical refugia. Our models cover a spatial resolution of 0.0467 degrees (approximately 5.19 km2 grid cells) and a temporal resolution of every 1,000–4,000 years dating back to the Last Interglacial (120,000 BP).ResultsOur results show high habitat stability concordant with known historical forest refugia across Africa, but suggest that their extents are underestimated for chimpanzees. We provide the first fine-grained dynamic map of historical chimpanzee habitat suitability since the Last Interglacial which is suspected to have influenced a number of ecological-evolutionary processes, such as the emergence of complex patterns of behavioural and genetic diversity.Main ConclusionsWe provide a novel resource that can be used to reveal spatio-temporally explicit insights into the role of refugia in determining chimpanzee behavioural, ecological and genetic diversity. This methodology can be applied to other taxonomic groups and geographic areas where sufficient data are available.

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“…2018; Leaché et al. 2019a). Determining whether these population divergence events are temporally congruent with recent Holocene climate change or with older biogeographic events requires a comparative study of the genealogical divergence among populations in these communities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative phylogeography of West African amphibians and reptiles

et al. 2020

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Comparative phylogeographic studies often support shared divergence times for co‐distributed species with similar life histories and habitat specializations. During the late Holocene, West Africa experienced aridification and the turnover of rain forest habitats into savannas. These fragmented rain forests harbor impressive numbers of endemic and threatened species. In this setting, populations of co‐distributed rain forest species are expected to have diverged simultaneously, whereas divergence events for species adapted to savanna and forest‐edge habitats should be absent or idiosyncratic. We conducted a Bayesian analysis of shared evolutionary events to test models of population divergence for 20 species of anurans (frogs) and squamates (lizards and snakes) that are distributed across the Dahomey Gap, a climate change‐induced savanna barrier responsible for fragmenting previously contiguous rain forests of Ghana into two regions: the Togo‐Volta Hills and the Southwestern Forests. A model of asynchronous diversification is supported for anurans and squamates, suggesting that drivers of diversification are not specifically related to ecological and life history associations with habitat types. Instead, the wide variability of genetic divergence histories exhibited by these species suggests that biodiversity in this region has been shaped by diversification events that extend beyond the Holocene. Comparisons of the genealogical divergence index, a measure of the genetic divergence between populations due to the combined effects of genetic isolation and gene flow, illustrate that these populations represent a broad sampling of the speciation continuum.

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Exploring rain forest diversification using demographic model testing in the African foam‐nest treefrog Chiromantis rufescens

Abstract: This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

Cited by 35 publications

References 100 publications

Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae:Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line

Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae:Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line

Late Quaternary habitat suitability models for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) since the Last Interglacial (120,000 BP)

Comparative phylogeography of West African amphibians and reptiles

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