Exploring multi-level risk factors and post-war burdens of trachomatous trichiasis among displaced population in Raya Kobo districts, implication for urgent action

Jamal, Muhammad

doi:10.18240/ijo.2023.08.17

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Despite growing recognition of the detrimental effects of conflict on maternal and child healthcare, the literature is bereft of studies robustly quantifying the association between conflict and TT protective dose uptake of pregnant women during ANC service in Ethiopia, particularly in the Amhara region ( 8 , 9 ). The continued civil war in Ethiopia, specifically in the Amhara region, has led to extensive damage to healthcare facilities, disrupting maternal health services for more than 70,000 pregnant women, causing 1.4 million displacements and 600,000 reported deaths ( 11 , 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on reproductive-aged women indicated the dropout rate for TT was reported at 55.6% (TT1 to TT5). The dropout rates were 5.3% for TT1–TT2, 14.7% for TT2–TT3, 20.2% for TT3–TT4, and the highest, 31.1%, for TT4–TT5 ( 4 , 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Ethiopia during the civil war of North East Ethiopia (between July 2021 and 28 November 2023), the Amhara region was heavily impacted, with 50% of healthcare facilities damaged, resulting in interrupted maternal health services for 70,000 pregnant women ( 11 , 22 ) and including 1.4 million displacements and 600,000 reported death ( 1 , 22 ). The civil war impacted delivery of the TT vaccination service in areas of conflict due to security issues and the destruction of healthcare facilities ( 7 , 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uptake of protective tetanus toxoid vaccine doses and maternal associated factors during pregnancy in armed conflict zone, hospital-based cross-sectional study

Kebede Bizuneh,

Muhidin Mustofa

2024

Front. Reprod. Health

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BackgroundVaccinating pregnant women with tetanus toxoid (TT) is crucial to prevent neonatal tetanus, reducing related deaths by 94%. In conflict zones with restricted access to deliveries, neonates face a fatality rate of 80%–100%. This study explores the uptake of protective TT vaccine doses and maternal associated factors during pregnancy in an armed conflict zone.MethodsA hospital-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted of 357 pregnant women at delivery using simple random sampling. Data were collected through interviews with a structured questionnaire, and entered using Epi-data version 3.1, and exported using SPSS version 22 for further analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant variables for receiving protective TT doses during pregnancy at P < 0.05.ResultIn this study, 355 pregnant women were included, with response rate of 99.4%. The mean age of the participants was 27.65 ± 6.23 years. During the study period, 67.3% of pregnant women received a protective TT vaccine dose while 33.3% were missed due to escalated armed conflict. The dropout rates were significant from TT5 to TT2 (17.6%), TT5 to TT3 (11.9%), and TT5 to TT4 (6.1%). However, maternal associated factors for the uptake of the TT protective vaccine dose were identified, including being aged 36–49 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54–7.8; P = 0.001], completing high school (AOR = 3.05; 95% CI 1.5–8.9; P = 0.02), having an antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 9.4; 95% CI 2.9–24.3; P = 0.001), previous media exposure (AOR = 15.5; 95% CI 7.5–25.3; P = 0.001), and good maternal knowledge (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI 1.8–4.9; P = 0.02).ConclusionThe uptake of the protective TT vaccine dose among pregnant women in a continued armed conflict area was low compared with previous study findings. Efforts should be made to increase vaccine uptake and reduce dropout rates by addressing both community and individual-level factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uptake of protective tetanus toxoid vaccine doses and maternal associated factors during pregnancy in armed conflict zone, hospital-based cross-sectional study

Kebede Bizuneh,

Muhidin Mustofa

2024

Front. Reprod. Health

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Recovery Rate and Predictors for Cure of Admitted COVID-19 Patients in Ethiopia; A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kebede,

Beletew

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND. Despite the global efforts to curb COVID-19 infection using vaccines and drugs, the burden of illness, hospitalization, and death are continued as a deadly pandemic. Previous study finding estimated recovery time of 2 weeks for mild and 3 to 6 weeks for hospitalized cases. However, in low and middle-income countries like Ethiopia, recovery rate and viral negative conversion time are lowballed and underestimated due to the new variant incidence, limited resources and lacked skilled healthcare providers for admitted COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to estimate pooled recovery rate, and predictors for cure among admitted COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia. METHODS. Five electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, HINARY, Africa Journals Online, and Google Scholar) were searched. A total of 529 articles were extracted from cohort studies published in English spanning from December 30, 2019, to December 30, 2023. PRISMA guidelines were adhered to articles screening and extracted using Microsoft Excel. The quality of eligible articles was evaluated using the JBI checklist. The pooled effect size and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals were determined using the random-effect meta-regression using STATA version 17. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using Cochran's Q-test, and the variation was estimated by I2, and presented in a forest plot. Subgroup analysis was also used to identify sources of heterogeneity among studies. RESULT. A total of 12 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. During the recovery screening of 5,152 admitted COVID-19 cases, 4,411 participants were discharged as cured. The pooled recovery rate was estimated at 90.6% (95% CI: 87.1-94.23, I² = 96.11%, P = 0.001). In subgroup analysis, Addis Ababa exhibited the highest recovery rate with 95.1%, followed by Oromia (94.6%), and Southern nation nationalities (SNN) region (91.55%). The recovery rate was higher for individuals aged 15-30 years (AHR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.41-2.86, P = 0.001), males’ gender (AHR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.14-1.88, P=0.002), and cases admitted with ≥37.5°C (AHR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.41-2.86, P = 0.001) compared to their counterparts. This manuscript is ongoing a submitted for registered in Prospero. CONCLUSION. In Ethiopia, nearly nine in every ten (90%) admitted COVID-19 cases recovered. However, the recovery rate exhibits a significant variation across each study region, setting, and pandemic phase. Therefore, healthcare providers prioritize care for critical cases to increase the overall survival rate of admitted patients.

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Tuberculosis-associated mortality and risk factors for HIV-infected population in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bizuneh,

Masresha

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundDespite the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in reducing mortality from opportunistic infections among people living with HIV (PLHIV), tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant cause of death, accounting for over one-third of all deaths in this population. In Ethiopia, there is a lack of comprehensive and aggregated data on the national level for TB-associated mortality during co-infection with HIV. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate TB-associated mortality and identify risk factors for PLHIV in Ethiopia.MethodsWe conducted an extensive systematic review of the literature using the Preferred Reporting of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. More than seven international electronic databases were used to extract 1,196 published articles from Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, HINARY, Google Scholar, African Journal Online, and manual searching. The pooled mortality proportion of active TB was estimated using a weighted inverse variance random-effects meta-regression using STATA version-17. The heterogeneity of the articles was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic test. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and Egger’s regression were conducted to investigate publication bias. This systematic review is registered in Prospero with specific No. CRD42024509131.ResultsOverall, 22 individual studies were included in the final meta-analysis reports. During the review, a total of 9,856 cases of TB and HIV co-infection were screened and 1,296 deaths were reported. In the final meta-analysis, the pooled TB-associated mortality for PLHIV in Ethiopia was found to be 16.2% (95% CI: 13.0–19.2, I2 = 92.9%, p = 0.001). The subgroup analysis revealed that the Amhara region had a higher proportion of TB-associated mortality, which was reported to be 21.1% (95% CI: 18.1–28.0, I2 = 84.4%, p = 0.001), compared to studies conducted in Harari and Addis Ababa regions, which had the proportions of 10% (95% CI: 6–13.1%, I2 = 83.38%, p = 0.001) and 8% (95% CI: 1.1–15, I2 = 87.6%, p = 0.001), respectively. During the random-effects meta-regression, factors associated with co-infection of mortality in TB and HIV were identified, including WHO clinical stages III & IV (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.9–4.7), missed co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.05–3.4), and missed isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.46–2.3).ConclusionIn Ethiopia, the mortality rate among individuals co-infected with TB/HIV is notably high, with nearly one-fifth (16%) of individuals succumbing during co-infection; this rate is considered to be higher compared to other African countries. Risk factors for death during co-infection were identified; the included studies examined advanced WHO clinical stages IV and III, hemoglobin levels (≤10 mg/dL), missed isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), and missed cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) as predictors. To reduce premature deaths, healthcare providers must prioritize active TB screening, ensure timely diagnosis, and provide nutritional counseling in each consecutive visit.Systematic review registrationTrial registration number in Prospero =CRD42024509131 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=509131.

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Exploring multi-level risk factors and post-war burdens of trachomatous trichiasis among displaced population in Raya Kobo districts, implication for urgent action

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Uptake of protective tetanus toxoid vaccine doses and maternal associated factors during pregnancy in armed conflict zone, hospital-based cross-sectional study

Uptake of protective tetanus toxoid vaccine doses and maternal associated factors during pregnancy in armed conflict zone, hospital-based cross-sectional study

Recovery Rate and Predictors for Cure of Admitted COVID-19 Patients in Ethiopia; A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tuberculosis-associated mortality and risk factors for HIV-infected population in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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