Explicit transport error notification (ETEN) for error-prone wireless and satellite networks

Abstract

Wireless and satellite networks often have non-negligible packet corruption rates that can significantly degrade TCP performance. This is due to TCP's assumption that every packet loss is an indication of network congestion (causing TCP to reduce the transmission rate). This problem has received much attention in the literature. In this paper, we take a broad look at the problem of enhancing TCP performance under corruption losses, and include a discussion of the key issues. The main contributions of this paper are: ( ) a confirmation of previous studies that show the reduction of TCP performance in the face of corruption loss, and in addition a plausible upper bound achievable with perfect knowledge of the cause of loss, ( ) a classification of the potential mitigation space, and ( ) the introduction of a promising new mitigation that employs rich cumulative information from intermediate nodes in a path to form a better congestion response.We first illustrate the performance implications of corruption-based loss for a variety of networks via simulation. In addition, we show a rough upper bound on the performance gains a TCP could get if it could perfectly determine the cause of each segment loss -independent of any specific mechanism for TCP to learn the root cause of packet loss. Next, we provide a taxonomy of potential practical classes of mitigations that TCP end-points and intermediate network elements can cooperatively use to decrease the performance impact of corruption-based loss. Finally, we briefly consider a potential mitigation, called cumulative explicit transport error notification (CETEN), which covers a portion of the solution space previously unexplored. CETEN is shown to be a promising mitigation strategy, but a strategy with numerous formidable practical hurdles still to overcome.£ Pre-print: Accepted for publication in Elsevier Computer Networks.

Quick-Start for TCP and IP

“…Additional proposals for end nodes to collect explicit information from routers include one variant of Explicit Transport Error Notification (ETEN), which includes a cumulative mechanism to notify endpoints of aggregate congestion statistics along the path [KAPS02].…”

“…(A second variant in [KSEPA04] does not depend on cumulative congestion statistics from the network. )…”

An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks

“…Even perfect knowledge of the reason of packet loss (e.g. congestion-induced vs. transmission error) at the sender, often, does not improve throughput performance [6,19]. Moreover, these schemes suffer from the slow adaptation of TCP's AIMD mechanism [16] to the fast changing conditions of wireless links.…”

Active Networking for TCP over Wireless

“…End-to-end solutions require modifying TCP at both end points while maintaining end-to-end semantics [2,3,14,15,16]. These approaches are based on the distinction between congestion losses and corruption losses [14,17].…”