Experts criticise India's complacency over COVID-19

Bhuyan, Anoo

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00993-4

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…While India has not been able to actively control and limit the second wave of COVID-19 1 , the number of new cases is now in decline. 2 Despite this, emerging complications associated with COVID-19 are being reported with the fungal infection mucormycosis becoming a serious issue in India due to its unprecedent surge and high morbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge

Rao

Arakeri

Madikeri

et al. 2021

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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Together with the ongoing serious Covid-19 second wave in India, a serious fungal infection, mucormycosis has been increasingly found in Covid-19 recovered patients. Colloquially known as “black fungus”, mucormycosis commonly causes necrosis in the head and neck region including the nose, paranasal sinuses, orbits, facial bones, with possible intracranial spread. The disease causes high morbidity and mortality given that diagnosis is often delayed, and that is progresses rapidly. Given the sheer magnitude of the outbreak, the Indian Health Ministry has advised all states to declare mucormycosis an epidemic. Typically, the disease has been found linked to COVID-19 infections caused by the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant which has spread rapidly throughout India. This variant has already become a cause for global concern, having spread to at least 40 countries, including the USA, and UK. We present the findings of a study conducted on post-COVID Mucormycosis patients and discusses the associated risk factors to raise awareness for OMFS colleagues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge

Rao

Arakeri

Madikeri

et al. 2021

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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“…State governments are scrambling to build up new infrastructure, making announcements this month about suddenly commencing the construction of new healthcare facilities or oxygen plants. However, this frenetic activity comes in the middle of an ongoing and exponential rise in cases, whereas it should have come before [23].…”

Section: A Covid-adaptive Futurementioning

confidence: 98%

India’s COVID-19 Catastrophe: Cause, Effect & Future Trends

Tabish¹

2021

Health

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The COVID crisis in India shows no sign of abating. The country of 1.4 billion has passed 30.5 million COVID-19 infections and over 402,000 deaths. Even government figures are likely underestimated due to problems with testing and reporting in the country. Reasonable estimates due to under reporting and lack of testing put these figures at three times higher. The new cases and deaths are predicted to rise by September 2021. The situation is bad in the main cities, but also that it is worse in the poorer and rural areas where lack of healthcare resources has made those populations most vulnerable to the disease. There is an urgent need for rapid tests for quantification of infectiousness to triage patients. In traumatised India, saving lives has become the highest priority to be achieved by vaccinating 70 per cent of the adult population. Over 200 million population have been vaccinated. India's monthly COVID vaccine manufacturing capacity is about 60 -65 million doses against the final requirement of 1.45 billion doses to cover 70 per cent adults. Even though the second surge is on a decline in most of the states, mucormycosis continues to be a public health concern. There are 41,000 mucormycosis cases reported during the second wave. Daily increase in Delta plus variant cases should alert the Policy-makers. It has a very high transmissibility. Genomic testing & surveillance of mutations to limit fresh twist of pandemic is a necessity. Only a few drugs have emerged as approved COVID-19 treatments. Where are we with drug treatment? Over 30 billion USD have been spent on vaccine development because it has a market. Very little is spent on research on drug discovery. There has not been any significant antibiotic molecule for the last two decades. Politics has played and continues to play a big part in the spread of the virus but it is a situation that needs a global approach. Tiding over a pandemic requires detailed preparation at multiple levels on the part of the State. New ways to prevent, detect, track and treat SARS-CoV-2 infections are crucial keeping in view the rise of more-transmissible viral mutants like Delta plus.

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“…Different environmental troubles observed in the air (historical CO 2 , NO 2 and NOx, SO 2 PM2.5, PM10 emissions, e-waste generation, carbon emissions from fossil fuel and cement, exposure to household solid fuel pollution, deaths from air pollution), water (oil spills worldwide, oil tanker disasters, the lowest access to drinking water, arsenic contamination in drinking water, water contamination with micro plastic and plastic derivatives, waste accumulation) and soil (municipal solid waste, e-waste generation and disposal, generation of plastic, dump sites management) can have obvious impacts on COVID-19 (McKinney et al 2006 ; Tiseo 2021 ; Langone et al 2021 ; Rimoldi et al 2020 ; Kitajima et al 2020 ; Romano-Bertrand et al 2020 ). India has already been criticised for not obeying the scientific advices to control COVID-19 (Bhuyan 2021 ). Such troubles are evident in India, as examples are well documented in its metro cities such as New Delhi and Mumbai.…”

Section: Pollution and Covid-19 Severity Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1st wave had given enough experience to each country to use the learnt lesson as spotlight for the prevention of the 2nd and subsequent waves of COVID-19 (Mousazadeh et al 2021 ). Then what made the countries to suffer so severely under the 2nd wave is the biggest question and has been addressed by many experts up to certain extend (Bhuyan 2021 ). Failure to set strategies for peak and non-peak timings, imbalance between demand and supply of COVID-19 logistics especially oxygen, failure to hold a planned and quick vaccination programme, and failure to take strong measures to follow COVID-19 guidelines are the reasons for which countries such as India are suffering from the disease outbreak under 2nd wave to a bigger extend (Bhuyan 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spike in pollution to ignite the bursting of COVID-19 second wave is more dangerous than spike of SAR-CoV-2 under environmental ignorance in long term: a review

Paital

Das

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Specific areas in many countries such as Italy, India, China, Brazil, Germany and the USA have witnessed that air pollution increases the risk of COVID-19 severity as particulate matters transmit the virus SARS-CoV-2 and causes high expression of ACE2, the receptor for spike protein of the virus, especially under exposure to NO 2 , SO 2 and NOx emissions. Wastewater-based epidemiology of COVID-19 is also noticed in many countries such as the Netherlands, the USA, Paris, France, Australia, Spain, Italy, Switzerland China, India and Hungary. Soil is also found to be contaminated by the RNA of SARS-CoV-2. Activities including defecation and urination by infected people contribute to the source for soil contamination, while release of wastewater containing cough, urine and stool of infected people from hospitals and home isolation contributes to the source of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in both water and soil. Detection of the virus early before the outbreak of the disease supports this fact. Based on this information, spike in pollution is found to be more dangerous in long-term than the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. It is because the later one may be controlled in future within months or few years by vaccination and with specific drugs, but the former one provides base for many diseases including the current and any future pandemics. Although such predictions and the positive effects of SARS-CoV-2 on environment was already forecasted after the first wave of COVID-19, the learnt lesson as spotlight was not considered as one of the measures for which 2nd wave has quickly hit the world.

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Experts criticise India's complacency over COVID-19

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge

India’s COVID-19 Catastrophe: Cause, Effect & Future Trends

Spike in pollution to ignite the bursting of COVID-19 second wave is more dangerous than spike of SAR-CoV-2 under environmental ignorance in long term: a review

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Experts criticise India's complacency over COVID-19

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India: a formidable challenge

India’s COVID-19 Catastrophe: Cause, Effect &amp; Future Trends

Spike in pollution to ignite the bursting of COVID-19 second wave is more dangerous than spike of SAR-CoV-2 under environmental ignorance in long term: a review

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India’s COVID-19 Catastrophe: Cause, Effect & Future Trends