Experimentally induced endosymbiont loss and re-acquirement in the hydrothermal vent bivalve Bathymodiolus azoricus

Kádár, Enikõ; Bettencourt, Raúl; Costa, Valentina; Santos, Ricardo Serrão; Lobo-da-Cunha, Alexandre; Dando, P. R.

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2004.12.025

Cited by 118 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In Thyasira sarsi and Parathyasira equalis, bacteriocytes appeared smaller in specimens maintained in low sulphide, compared to those in high sulphide (Figs. 5B,C & 6B,C) -similar differences in bacteriocyte size were used as markers for symbiont abundance in Bathymodiolus azoricus (Kádár et al 2005).…”

Section: Effect Of Sulphidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specimens of Thyasira sarsi and Parathyasira equalis having δ 13 C ratios indistinguishable from het- erotrophic, non-chemosymbiotic bivalves were collected from the Gullmarfjord in Sweden at a season when available sulphide levels were very low (Dando & Spiro 1993); the symbiont populations in these specimens were likely to be very reduced, or even absent, yet the bivalves were still alive. Similarly, the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus can survive for over a month in aquaria without reduced sulphide (Kádár et al 2005).…”

Section: Effect Of Sulphidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these changing environments, observed yearly variations in δ 13 C ratios within populations (Dando & Spiro 1993) may be reflective of changes in symbiont population size. It may be possible for thyasirids to reacquire symbionts, following unsuitable conditions, as described for Bathymodiolus azoricus (Kádár et al 2005). The mode of transmission of thyasirid symbionts is unknown, but given their extracellular location and phylogenetic diversity (Imhoff et al 2003), they are probably acquired from their environment, as are other symbionts of shallow-water chemosymbiotic bivalves (Le Pennec & Beninger 2000).…”

Section: Implications For Natural Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symbiont abundance in thyasirids (Bivalvia) is related to particulate food and sulphide availability

Dufour¹,

Felbeck²

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Many bivalve species with chemoautotrophic symbionts have mixotrophic diets and some of their nutritional requirements are met by particulate feeding. The symbionts require reduced compounds (such as sulphide) for their autotrophic production. As the concentration of both particulate food and sulphide can vary in their habitat, it has been suggested that symbiont numbers may vary in response. To address whether symbiont abundance can be influenced by the external medium, we compared symbiont abundance (1) in specimens kept with or without particulate food, and (2) in specimens kept in sediments with low or high dissolved sulphide content. The relative surface area occupied by symbionts on semi-thin gill sections was determined for Thyasira flexuosa (and, in the sulfide experiment, for Parathyasira equalis and T. sarsi) kept for up to 3 wk in experimental microcosms, where the quantity of particulate food or dissolved sulphide was manipulated. Symbiont abundance declined with time; the decline was greater in particle-starved thyasirids and in specimens kept in low sulphide. In the latter conditions, T. flexuosa may have also had a greater symbiont digestion rate. The observed patterns may be due to a combination of increased symbiont uptake by the bivalve host, and reduced symbiont vigour under the imposed conditions. The flexible feeding mode of chemosymbiotic thyasirids may help them to survive in fluctuating environments.

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Section: Effect Of Sulphidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Sulphidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Natural Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Symbiont abundance in thyasirids (Bivalvia) is related to particulate food and sulphide availability

Dufour¹,

Felbeck²

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…(a) Sample collection and experimental design Bathymodiolus azoricus individuals were collected on board the N/O L'Atalante using the ROV Victor6000 from dense mussel beds at the shallow vent field of Menez Gwen Mussels from the Menez Gwen site were selected for heatshock exposure experiments because they were able to rapidly recover from depressurization and live for more than a year at atmospheric pressure with sulphide/methane exposure without specialized pressure vessels (Kádár et al 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global depression in gene expression as a response to rapid thermal changes in vent mussels

et al. 2009

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Hydrothermal vent mussels belonging to the genus Bathymodiolus are distributed worldwide and dominate communities at shallow Atlantic hydrothermal sites. While organisms inhabiting coastal ecosystems are subjected to predictable oscillations of physical and chemical variables owing to tidal cycles, the vent mussels sustain pronounced temperature changes over short periods of time, correlated to the alternation of oxic/anoxic phases. In this context, we focused on the short-term adaptive response of mussels to temperature change at a molecular level. The mRNA expression of 23 genes involved in various cell functions of the vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus was followed after heat shocks for either 30 or 120 min, at 25 and 308C over a 48 h recovery period at 58C. Mussels were genotyped at 10 enzyme loci to explore a relationship between natural genetic variation, gene expression and temperature adaptation. Results indicate that the mussel response to increasing temperature is a depression in gene expression, such a response being genotypically correlated at least for the Pgm-1 locus. This suggests that an increase in temperature could be a signal triggering anaerobiosis for B. azoricus or this latter alternatively behaves more like a 'cold' stenotherm species, an attribute more related to its phylogenetic history, a cold seeps/wood fall origin.

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“…Specifically, mechanisms involved in the interaction between host and symbiont at the cellular and/or molecular level have not been explored. To date, only a few studies have examined related question through microscopic investigations or gene expression (Won et al, 2003;Kádár et al, 2005;Boutet et al, 2011;Bettencourt et al, 2014;Barros et al, 2015). As in other symbioses, B. azoricus may regulate its symbiont population through apoptosis mechanisms or immunological responses.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and gene expression of multiple peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) in the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus , involvement in symbiosis?

Détrée

Lallier

Tanguy

et al. 2017

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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The relationship between the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus and its thiotrophic (SOX) and methanotrophic (MOX) symbionts has been ecologically and functionally well studied.Endosymbiosis is common in deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of interactions between host and symbionts. In this study we focused on a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRR), called PGRPs that are able to recognize the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall. We first characterised the different PGRPs isoforms in B. azoricus gills and identified five paralogs. Among them two displayed a signal peptide. Then, specific probes designed for each paralog were used to perform real-time PCR quantification in gills of individuals showing various bacterial content as a result of in situ experimental procedures. Overall we found a decrease of PGRPs expression when symbionts amount decreases, suggesting an implication of PGRPs in the regulation of symbionts in B. azoricus gills.We therefore hypothesize that secreted proteins could act as cooperation signals to induce colonisation of symbiotic tissue while non-secreted proteins may regulate the density of endosymbionts within the gill tissue.

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Experimentally induced endosymbiont loss and re-acquirement in the hydrothermal vent bivalve Bathymodiolus azoricus

Cited by 118 publications

References 25 publications

Symbiont abundance in thyasirids (Bivalvia) is related to particulate food and sulphide availability

Symbiont abundance in thyasirids (Bivalvia) is related to particulate food and sulphide availability

Global depression in gene expression as a response to rapid thermal changes in vent mussels

Identification and gene expression of multiple peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) in the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus , involvement in symbiosis?

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