Experimental solidification of anhydrous latitic and trachytic melts at different cooling rates: The role of nucleation kinetics

Iezzi, Gianluca; Mollo, Silvio; Ventura, Guido; Cavallo, Andrea; Romano, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.04.008

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, there are few studies about crystallization kinetics on trachy-phonolitic melts (e.g., Iezzi et al 2008;Arzilli and Carroll 2013). In this study, we present results for 16 new crystallization experiments on hydrous trachytic melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

et al. 2016

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We present crystallization experiments representing a broad range of growth conditions of alkali feldspar and sodalite in a trachy-phonolite magma composition during later stages of evolution. Our results include (i) textural data and mineral assemblages of synthetic samples; (ii) feldspar nucleation kinetics and growth rate estimates; and (iii) textural data, mineral abundances, and crystal size distribution measurements on samples representative of the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 AD), the last eruption of Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy. Experiments reproduced the texture and feldspar content of natural products indicating that kinetic data can provide insights into processes within the volcanic system shortly before and during this small-magnitude eruption and, particularly, about magma ascent timescale. We suggest that the groundmass crystallization of Monte Nuovo magma started between 4 and 7 km depth (∼100-200 MPa) at a temperature between 825 and 840°C (close to the liquidus of alkali feldspar). The crystallization kinetics of alkali feldspar and the absence of sodalite in most of the natural samples indicate that magma ascent rate increased in the shallow part of the conduit from about 3 km depth to the quenching level (possibly fragmentation point; ∼30 MPa), during the first phases of the eruption.The crystallization time of the magma requires that it ascended from pre-eruptive storage to the quenching level in several hours to a few days. We also observe that a small decrease in pressure can induce a dramatic increase in crystallinity, with associated rheological changes, leading to changes in the eruption style, and such changes could occur on timescales of hours to several days. The products from the later phases of the Monte Nuovo eruption are more crystalline and contain sodalite in response to the decrease in magma ascent rate, which in turn allowed for more degassing during ascent, resulting in more time spent at very shallow depths.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

et al. 2016

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“…18 Our current understanding of the crystallisation behaviour of anhydrous natural silicate melts relies on previous cooling-induced dynamic crystallisation experiments either ex-situ (Gibb, 1974;Lofgren et al, 1974;1979;1986;Walker et al, 1976 and1978;Bianco and Taylor, 1977;Lofgren, 1977;Grove and Raudsepp, 1978;Donaldson, 1979;Uhlmann et al, 1979;1981;Corrigan, 1982;Fang et al, 1983;Kirkpatrick et al, 1981;1983Tsuchyama, 1983Baker and Grove, 1985;Lesher et al, 1999;Burkhard, 2005;Conte et al, 2006;Faure et al, 2003;Pupier et al, 2007;Walton and Herd, 2007;Orlando et al, 2008;Hammer, 2009;Del Gaudio et al, 2010;Iezzi et al, 2008;2011;Mollo et al, 2010;2011;Vona and Romano, 2013 and references therein) or in a few in-situ (Sunagawa, 1992;Schiavi et al, 2009;Ni et al, 2014). More comprehensive literature reviews can be found in (Lofgren, 1980;Kirkpatrick, 1981;Cashman, 1989;Lasaga, 1997;Hammer, 2008;Zhang, 2008).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The phase abundance and distribution (homogeneous versus inhomogeneous, see below) in each run-product were determined with Image-ProPlus 6.0 software; the analytical protocol of image analysis is the same as reported in Iezzi et al (2008;2011), Lanzafame et al (2013) and Vetere et al (2013a). For each run-product, the identification of phases was determined by linking their grey-level ranges with the compositions.…”

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glass forming ability and crystallisation behaviour of sub-alkaline silicate melts

Vetere

Iezzi

Behrens

et al. 2015

Earth-Science Reviews

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“…Minerals were analyzed using a JEOL-JXA8200 electron microprobe (EMPA) at INGV Rome. Microprobe analyses were performed using an accelerating voltage of 15 kV, a beam current of 5 nA, and a beam diameter of 1 μm for mineral analyses (see Iezzi et al 2008 for analytical details). Sodium and potassium were analyzed first to reduce possible Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognate xenoliths in Mt. Etna lavas: witnesses of the high-velocity body beneath the volcano

et al. 2013

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Various xenoliths have been found in lavas of the 1763 ("La Montagnola"), 2001, and 2002-03 eruptions at Mt. Etna whose petrographic evidence and mineral chemistry exclude a mantle origin and clearly point to a cognate nature. Consequently, cognate xenoliths might represent a proxy to infer the nature of the high-velocity body (HVB) imaged beneath the volcano by seismic tomography. Petrography allows us to group the cognate xenoliths as follows: i) gabbros with amphibole and amphibole-bearing mela-gabbros, ii) olivine-bearing leuco-gabbros, iii) leuco-gabbros with amphibole, and iv) Plg-rich leuco gabbros. Geobarometry estimates the crystallization pressure of the cognate xenoliths between 1.9 and 4.1 kbar. The bulk density of the cognate xenoliths varies from 2.6 to 3.0 g/cm 3 . P wave velocities (V P ), calculated in relation to xenolith density, range from 4.9 to 6.1 km/s. The integration of mineralogical, compositional, geobarometric data, and density-dependent V P with recent literature data on 3D V P seismic tomography enabled us to formulate the first hypothesis about the nature of the HVB which, in the depth range of 3-13 km b.s.l., is likely made of intrusive gabbroic rocks. These are believed to have formed at the "solidification front", a marginal zone that encompasses a deep region (>5 km b.s.l.) of Mt. Etna's plumbing system, within which magma crystallization takes place. The intrusive rocks were afterwards fragmented and transported as cognate xenoliths by the volatile-rich and fast-ascending magmas of the 1763 "La Montagnola", 2001 and 2002-03 eruptions.

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Experimental solidification of anhydrous latitic and trachytic melts at different cooling rates: The role of nucleation kinetics

Cited by 67 publications

References 42 publications

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

Glass forming ability and crystallisation behaviour of sub-alkaline silicate melts

Cognate xenoliths in Mt. Etna lavas: witnesses of the high-velocity body beneath the volcano

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