Experimental Pseudomonas Keratitis

Depth, size of infiltrate, and the microbe – The trio that prognosticates the outcome of infective keratitis

“…Corneal stromal infiltration with overlying epithelial defect, severe pain, and photophobia, the hallmark manifestations of BK occur because of leukocyte migration and extravasation of centripetally recruited leukocytes, predominantly neutrophils, within 4 h of inoculation. [ 18 ] Although these are required to reduce the bacterial load, the neutrophil products by themselves are highly toxic to the corneal stroma. Progressive ulceration, stromal thinning, and perforation are also result of the proteases and other autolytic enzymes from the ongoing inflammatory process.…”

Depth, size of infiltrate, and the microbe – The trio that prognosticates the outcome of infective keratitis

“…Corneal stromal infiltration with overlying epithelial defect, severe pain, and photophobia, the hallmark manifestations of BK occur because of leukocyte migration and extravasation of centripetally recruited leukocytes, predominantly neutrophils, within 4 h of inoculation. [ 18 ] Although these are required to reduce the bacterial load, the neutrophil products by themselves are highly toxic to the corneal stroma. Progressive ulceration, stromal thinning, and perforation are also result of the proteases and other autolytic enzymes from the ongoing inflammatory process.…”

The Roles of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Leukocyte Infiltration and Inflammatory Responses in Mice Corneas Treated With Lipopolysaccharide

“…1 When the cornea is inflamed, many inflammatory cells infiltrate into the cornea through the limbal blood vessels and the tear fluid. 2,3 Infiltrating inflammatory cells, which are first to arrive at the inflammatory site, are mainly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), followed by macrophages. Inflammatory cells play an important role in removal of bacteria and restoration of corneal transparency, while persistence of inflammatory cells in the cornea contributes to the development of corneal stromal dysfunction and eventually induces severe stromal damage.…”

Iontophoretic application of tobramycin to uninfected and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected rabbit corneas

“…Patients treated with drops delivered topically often need to be hospitalized to ensure compliance with the frequency of dosing, and hydrophobic drugs may not diffuse rapidly enough to reach bactericidal levels at the site of infection for a significant time interval after the treatment is initiated. Subconjunctival injections are painful and inflammatory (6), and controversy exists as to their efficacy in the chemotherapy of bacterial corneal infection (4,7,9,10).…”

Depth, size of infiltrate, and the microbe – The trio that prognosticates the outcome of infective keratitis

“…Corneal stromal infiltration with overlying epithelial defect, severe pain, and photophobia, the hallmark manifestations of BK occur because of leukocyte migration and extravasation of centripetally recruited leukocytes, predominantly neutrophils, within 4 h of inoculation. [ 18 ] Although these are required to reduce the bacterial load, the neutrophil products by themselves are highly toxic to the corneal stroma. Progressive ulceration, stromal thinning, and perforation are also result of the proteases and other autolytic enzymes from the ongoing inflammatory process.…”

The Roles of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Leukocyte Infiltration and Inflammatory Responses in Mice Corneas Treated With Lipopolysaccharide

“…1 When the cornea is inflamed, many inflammatory cells infiltrate into the cornea through the limbal blood vessels and the tear fluid. 2,3 Infiltrating inflammatory cells, which are first to arrive at the inflammatory site, are mainly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), followed by macrophages. Inflammatory cells play an important role in removal of bacteria and restoration of corneal transparency, while persistence of inflammatory cells in the cornea contributes to the development of corneal stromal dysfunction and eventually induces severe stromal damage.…”

Iontophoretic application of tobramycin to uninfected and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected rabbit corneas

“…Patients treated with drops delivered topically often need to be hospitalized to ensure compliance with the frequency of dosing, and hydrophobic drugs may not diffuse rapidly enough to reach bactericidal levels at the site of infection for a significant time interval after the treatment is initiated. Subconjunctival injections are painful and inflammatory (6), and controversy exists as to their efficacy in the chemotherapy of bacterial corneal infection (4,7,9,10).…”

Depth, size of infiltrate, and the microbe – The trio that prognosticates the outcome of infective keratitis

“…Corneal stromal infiltration with overlying epithelial defect, severe pain, and photophobia, the hallmark manifestations of BK occur because of leukocyte migration and extravasation of centripetally recruited leukocytes, predominantly neutrophils, within 4 h of inoculation. [ 18 ] Although these are required to reduce the bacterial load, the neutrophil products by themselves are highly toxic to the corneal stroma. Progressive ulceration, stromal thinning, and perforation are also result of the proteases and other autolytic enzymes from the ongoing inflammatory process.…”

The Roles of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Leukocyte Infiltration and Inflammatory Responses in Mice Corneas Treated With Lipopolysaccharide

“…1 When the cornea is inflamed, many inflammatory cells infiltrate into the cornea through the limbal blood vessels and the tear fluid. 2,3 Infiltrating inflammatory cells, which are first to arrive at the inflammatory site, are mainly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), followed by macrophages. Inflammatory cells play an important role in removal of bacteria and restoration of corneal transparency, while persistence of inflammatory cells in the cornea contributes to the development of corneal stromal dysfunction and eventually induces severe stromal damage.…”

Iontophoretic application of tobramycin to uninfected and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected rabbit corneas

“…Patients treated with drops delivered topically often need to be hospitalized to ensure compliance with the frequency of dosing, and hydrophobic drugs may not diffuse rapidly enough to reach bactericidal levels at the site of infection for a significant time interval after the treatment is initiated. Subconjunctival injections are painful and inflammatory (6), and controversy exists as to their efficacy in the chemotherapy of bacterial corneal infection (4,7,9,10).…”