Experimental Lactococcus garvieae infection in zebrafish and first evidence of its ability to invade non-phagocytic cells

Aguado-Urda, Mónica; Rodríguez‐Bertos, Antonio; Heras, Ana Isabel de las; Blanco, M. Mar; Acosta, F.; Fernández‐Garayzábal, J. F.; Gibello, Alicia

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.03.029

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We have observed a low down-regulation of IFN type I and IFN gamma genes in the tissues of L. garvieae infected fish but several interferons stimulated genes (ISG) appeared up-regulated (Additional file 5). This could be correlated with the intracellular location of the bacteria observed previously both in vitro and in vivo [19]. Although Interferon type I responsive genes are not usually induced by bacterial infections, ISG have been also observed up-regulated after Aeromonas salmonicida challenge in trout early stages [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In addition to the induction of macrophages and neutrophils in the spleen, the positive regulation of MHC I molecules, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells in the kidney suggest a potential intracellular mode of pathogenicity for this bacterium, which is in line with the ability of L. garvieae to invade non-phagocytic cells [19] and the formation of granulomas. Moreover, the up-regulation of MHC I was also observed in grey mullets infected with L. garvieae [11], proposing this possibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immunohistochemical study was carried out in the same tissues used for histological analysis by a streptavidin–biotin–peroxidase complex method, using a polyclonal rabbit antibody serum against Lg8831 as previously described [19], on Novolink Polymer Detection Systems Novocastra (Leica RE 7280-CE). We have included a 10% hydrogen peroxide incubation for 1 h during the endogenous peroxidase blocking step in order to reduce the melanin pigment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spleen and head kidney differential gene expression patterns in trout infected with Lactococcus garvieae correlate with spleen granulomas

Castro

Coll

Blanco

et al. 2019

Vet Res

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Lactococcus garvieae is a significant pathogen in aquaculture with a potential zoonotic risk. To begin to characterize the late immune response of trout to lactococcosis, we selected infected individuals showing clinical signs of lactococcosis. At the time lactococcosis clinical signs appeared, infection by L. garvieae induced a robust inflammatory response in the spleen of rainbow trout, which correlated with abundant granulomatous lesions. The response in kidney goes in parallel with that of spleen, and most of the gene regulations are similar in both organs. A correlation existed between the early inflammatory granulomas in spleen (containing macrophages with internalized L. garvieae ) and up-regulated gene sets, which defined the presence of macrophages and neutrophils. This is the first analysis of the immune transcriptome of rainbow trout following L. garvieae infection during the initiation of adaptive immune mechanisms and shows a transcriptome induction of antibody response by both IgM (+) and IgT (+) spleen B cells to respond to systemic infection. These results increase our understanding of lactococcosis and pave the way for future research to improve control measures of lactococcosis on fish farms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13567-019-0649-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spleen and head kidney differential gene expression patterns in trout infected with Lactococcus garvieae correlate with spleen granulomas

Castro

Coll

Blanco

et al. 2019

Vet Res

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“…No available reports of histopathological findings in the acute phase of aeromonosis were found until this time, however studies on advanced stages of septicemic diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in fish showed similar histopathological alterations to the ones found in this study. Aguado-Urda et al [43] observed necrosis in the renal tubular epithelium and hemorrhage in compact layers of the heart after experimental infection with Lactococcus garvieae in zebrafish. Chong et al [44] found, in Australian eels inoculated with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae , moderate brain and hepatic vascular congestion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, microbiological and ultrastructural aspects of sepsis by Aeromonas hydrophila in Piaractus mesopotamicus

et al. 2019

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Aeromonas bacteria can cause an infection characterized by septicemia and is one of the most common pathogens in tropical fish. This disease is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates, causing considerable losses in aquaculture. Thus, the understanding of its pathophysiology is crucial to develop control strategies of this bacterial infection in farmed fish. This study aimed to characterize early pathological aspects of acute sepsis in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 160 juvenile pacus were inoculated intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila (1.78 x 109 CFU/mL) and at 0 (control), 1, 3, 6, and 9 hours post-inoculation (hpi), animals were anesthetized and samples were collected for microbiological, light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyzes. The results showed the occurrence of hemodynamic alterations, such as hemorrhage and congestion, which were observed mainly after 6 and 9 hpi. It was possible to re-isolate Aeromonas at all sampling times except in control group. However, just after 9 hpi it was possible to find the bacteria in all fish and tissues. Light microscopy analyses revealed a degenerative process, necrosis and vascular damage mainly at 6 and 9 hpi. According to the ultrastructural examination, areas of cellular death were identified in all examined tissues, especially at 6 and 9 hpi. However, the most severe, related to necrosis, were observed after 6 and 9 hpi. The findings suggested that this bacterium spreads in the first hpi through the fish organs, mainly affecting spleen, liver and kidney, causing irreversible lesions at the molecular level.

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“…The API RAPID ID 32E test strips for Y. ruckeri and API ID 32 STREPT for L. garvieae were used in this study (Bio-Merieux, France) according to the manufacturer instruction with some modification. We used 30°C and 5-7 hour for API RAPID ID 32E test strips and API ID 32 STREPT differently from manufacturer instruction (Abdel-Latif et al, 2014;Verner-Jeffreys et al, 2009;Ravelo et al, 2001;Altun et al, 2004;Evans et al, 2006;Aguado-Urda et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2001;Austin and Austin, 2016). All test strips were visually observed and test results were provided in apiweb database.…”

Section: Bacteria Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Differences and Rapid Identification of Yersinia ruckeri and Lactococcus garvieae Isolated from Aquaculture (Akuakültürden İzole Edilen Y. ruckeri ve L. garvieae İzolatlarının Hızlı Teşhisi ve Biyokimyasal Farklılıklarının Belirlenmesi)

Duman¹,

Satıcıoğlu

Altun

2018

Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Aquaculture has growing much more than 100% at the last decade. Rainbow trout is the most economically important fish among the aquatic species. Bacterial agent, especially, Yersinia ruckeri and Lactococcus garvieae have limited freshwater fish production all over the world. There are many reports about identification of bacterial pathogens in aquaculture but most of them should not supported with detailed biochemical features. Therefore, we aimed in this study, determination of biochemical differences and identify two bacteria in a short time by using rapid test kits. 30 isolates of each Y. ruckeri and L. garvieae that are represent different regions of Turkey were used and biochemical characteristics were determined by conventional microbiologic test and API RAPID test kits. Y. ruckeri is the more heterogenetic biochemical structure comparing to L. garvieae. All isolates were successfully identified within 5-7 hours with rapid test kits while there are some differences between each other. The comprehensive biochemical differences of Y. ruckeri and L. garvieae were shown in the present study.

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Experimental Lactococcus garvieae infection in zebrafish and first evidence of its ability to invade non-phagocytic cells

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Spleen and head kidney differential gene expression patterns in trout infected with Lactococcus garvieae correlate with spleen granulomas

Spleen and head kidney differential gene expression patterns in trout infected with Lactococcus garvieae correlate with spleen granulomas

Morphological, microbiological and ultrastructural aspects of sepsis by Aeromonas hydrophila in Piaractus mesopotamicus

Biochemical Differences and Rapid Identification of Yersinia ruckeri and Lactococcus garvieae Isolated from Aquaculture (Akuakültürden İzole Edilen Y. ruckeri ve L. garvieae İzolatlarının Hızlı Teşhisi ve Biyokimyasal Farklılıklarının Belirlenmesi)

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