Experimental dysnesia induced by 1, 4- but not by 1,5-benzodiazepines

Giurgea, C.; Greindl, M. G.; Preat, S

doi:10.1002/ddr.430010706

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…These results tally with the less pronounced effects of clobazam on memory compared to the 1,4-benzodiazepines in animal and human studies [e.g., Giurgea et al, 1982;Saletu et al, 19821. However, it is unlikely that the parallel findings of less pronounced effects of clobazam on arousal and memory are due to a causal relationship, and although it is known that the level of arousal modifies the number and type of cues utilized during information processing (formal vs. semantic cues), a general model of the relationship between arousal and memory, could not yet be established [Eysenck, 19781. The extent of memory deficits also does not seem to be dependent, within certain limits, on the sedative action of the benzodiazepines; in animals, impairment of retention was observed, whether the acquisition had been impaired or not [Giurgea et al, 19821.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Memory and benzodiazepines: Animal and human studies with 1,4‐benzodiazepines and clobzam (1,5‐benzodiazepine)

Koeppen

1984

Drug Development Research

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The amnesic effects of the 1,4 benzodiazepines make them useful as adjuncts to anesthesia. However, these effects are undesirable in the treatment of anxiety and epilepsy, especially in outpatients. The mode of action of the 1 ,Cbenzodiazepines on memory is not yet sufficiently identified. These compounds seem to affect the consolidation of information material; anterograde amnesic effects are common, while retrograde amnesia or impairment of short-term memory have been reported only exceptionally. The 1,5-benzodiazepine clobazam has shown minimal effects on memory in contrast to the 1,4-benzodiazepines at therapeutically equipotent doses. These results tally with the less pronounced sedative action of clobazarn compared to the 1 ,Cbenzodiazepines but do not seem to be connected by a causal relationship. The clinical relevance of these findings has to be clarified and the various factors modifying the effects of benzodiazepines on memory (e.g., benzodiazepine dose, type of memory task, individual encoding and decoding strategies, anxiety and neuroticism score) have yet to be characterized.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Memory and benzodiazepines: Animal and human studies with 1,4‐benzodiazepines and clobzam (1,5‐benzodiazepine)

Koeppen

1984

Drug Development Research

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“…Since then, several amnesic effects of benzodiazepines (treatment with diazepam, lorazepam, and triazolam) have been described in clinical practice [56,57] and in experimental studies on normal healthy volunteers [58,59,60]. Anterograde amnesia induced by benzodiazepines has also been observed in animals [61,62,63,64,65,66].…”

Section: Effects On Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Behavioral Pharmacology of Beta-Carbolines to Seizures, Anxiety, and Memory

Venault

Chapouthier

2007

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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A number of beta-carbolines are inverse agonists of the GABA-A receptor complex, acting on the benzodiazepine site. They show convulsive properties when administered at high doses, anxiogenic properties at moderate doses, and learning-enhancing effects at low doses. These data suggest a possible physiological relationship, through the GABA-A receptor channel, between memory processes, anxiety, and ultimately, in pathological states, epileptic seizures. This relationship seems to be confirmed partially by experiments on mouse strains selected for their resistance (BR) and sensitivity (BS) to a single convulsive dose of a beta-carboline. These two strains also show differences in anxiety and learning abilities. However, some opposite results found while observing the behavior of the two strains suggest that in addition to pharmacologically induced anxiety, there is spontaneous anxiety, no doubt involving other brain mechanisms.

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“…If this is the case, then the benzodiazepines are deficient in at least two respects: (1) they do not control the neuro vegetative consequences of stress efficiently enough, their impact being essentially behavioural; (2) all the classical, 1,4-benzodiazepines induce memory deficits in humans as well as in a few experimental models (Soubrie et al 1976;Jensen et al 1979). It seems that the 1,5-benzodiazepine-like clobazam, which we have studied experimentally (Giurgea et al 1982) -are devoid of this troublesome and frequent side-effect (Salkind et al 1979).…”

Section: Anxiolyticsmentioning

confidence: 99%