Mariculture is an activity whose outcome should provide economic and social benefits with the least possible impact on the environment, so its management should include an eco-systemic approach to ensure the sustainability of this activity for coastal ecosystem conservation. From results in marine aquaculture and environmental monitoring, this study aims to evaluate the impact on coastal ecosystems caused by the main activities of marine farming developed in Cuba for commercial purposes; the potential for future aquaculture development is based on sustainable management and how to protect the marine environment. Some of these marine cultures have not been stable over time given the variation in habitat quality as it happened with the mangrove oyster, or economic unsustainability of the culture, in the case of culture in floating cages of two marine fish species introduced, the Sea bream and Sea bass. Shrimp farming has been the most constant marine culture in time, and also the one with the greatest effects on the environment by direct wastewater arrival in the coastal zone with high nutrient concentrations from the pond water-replacement process.