Experimental and Statistical Analysis of Saw Mill Wood Waste Composite Properties for Practical Applications

Abstract

The utilization of composite materials is increasing at a growing rate in almost all types of products, due to their strength-to-stiffness ratio. From this perspective, natural waste composites, i.e., wood waste composites, have also been investigated for their effective and sustainable employment. This paper deals with the application of hard and soft wood waste (i.e., acacia and cedar wood) with epoxy resin polymer to develop high strength and thermally stable wood composites. Mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness) and thermal properties of samples are studied using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), respectively. The properties are evaluated by varying the type of wood waste and its percentage by weight. Based on the Taguchi Orthogonal Array Mixture Design, eighteen experiments are investigated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results show that wood waste type and wood waste content have a significant effect on all mechanical properties. From the TGA analysis, it is predicted that both types of wood waste composites exhibit similar thermal-induced degradation profiles in terms of the initial and final degradation temperatures. From the DSC results, higher glass transition temperature Tg is detected in 10% of the hardwood waste composite, and a reducing tendency of glass transition temperature Tg is observed with exceeding wood waste content. Moreover, hardwood waste at 10% demonstrated improved decomposition temperature Td, due to strong adhesion between waste and matrix.

Investigation of effect of chestnut sawdust on mechanical properties of epoxy matrix composites

“…Another possible reason may be that the weak interfacial bond between the polymer matrix and the filler content reduces the tensile strength of the composite. It has been stated in the studies that the tendency to agglomerate with the increase in the amount of sawdust or the insufficient hydrogen bond between the chip particles and the epoxy resin matrix cause a decrease in the tensile strength [10,[18][19][20]. Shore D hardness value of the samples is given in figure 2.…”

“…Functionally, this resin exhibits excellent properties due to its high crosslinking properties, adequate strength, low curing shrinkage, increased fatigue and impact resistance, excellent thermal properties, chemical resistance and dimensional stability. Epoxy/hardener ratios and ideal curing conditions are important to obtain the desired properties of composite materials [18].…”

Gürgen Ağacı Talaşı Dolgulu Epoksi Matrisli Kompozit Yapıların Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

“…Diğer olası neden, polimer matris ile dolgu içeriği arasındaki zayıf ara yüzey bağının kompozitin çekme dayanımını düşürmesi olabilir. Talaş miktarının artmasıyla topaklanma eğilimi veya talaş parçacıkları ile epoksi reçine matrisi arasındaki yetersiz hidrojen bağının çekme dayanımının azalmasına neden olduğunu çalışmalarda ifade edilmiştir [13,20,[23][24].…”

“…Epoksiler iyi yapışma, mekanik özellikler, düşük nem emme, kimyasal direnç, az çekme ve işlenme kolaylığı özelliklerine sahiptir. Bu mükemmel özellikler, epoksi ailesini birçok kompozit için en iyi matris malzemelerinden biri yapmıştır [17][18][19][20].…”

Date-Palm-Based Sustainable Hybrid Composite with Cotton and Kevlar Fibre Participation

“…The chemical bonding between the matrix and the natural fibres plays an important role in the performance of the composite, with a notable effect on its mechanical properties [34]. Except epoxy resin, which exhibits excellent properties due to its high crosslinking characteristics, adequate strength and dimensional stability [35] and has been often used in the structure of date-palm-reinforced composites [28,[36][37][38], other polymers like polyamide, polyurethane or polyester could be used as matrices in composites with natural fibre reinforcement.…”