Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Interfacial Mass Transfer Mechanism for Rayleigh Convection in Hele-Shaw Cell

Abstract

To understand better the evolution of convective finger for Rayleigh convection confined in a gap with moderate width, we investigated the absorption of CO2 into water experimentally and numerically. A combined particle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method was used to measure simultaneously the instantaneous liquid velocity and solute concentration distributions in a Hele-Shaw cell. The process was then simulated using a 3D model with nonequilibrium interfacial boundary condition. An investigation in the gap direction showed that the intrinsic mechanism of interfacial mass transfer enhancement relies on a concentration boundary thickness decrease both inside and outside of convective fingers. On the basis of the simulation results, we present a vortex model for characterizing the interfacial mass transfer coefficient in the constant convective period. The model performs well using the penetration model by relating the gas–liquid contact time to the inverse of average vorticity value in liquid within 4 mm near the interface.

Effect of Formation Heterogeneity on CO2 Dissolution in Subsurface Porous Media

“…However, it should be noted that their work considers an aperture of 3 mm and, therefore, will have considerably higher gap-induced flow behavior compared to our study. 29 As shown in Figure 7, the formation of nascent fingers throughout the experiment is observable, as evident by tiny oval-shaped regions with low color scale values at the gas− water interface.…”

“…Furthermore, the highly concentrated regions merge and keep moving vertically downward, clearly observable in Figure 7e,f. Similar patterns of concentration distribution were reported in the simulation of Zhang et al 29 Furthermore, their investigation in the gap direction showed a lower concentration boundary outside the convective fingers, which could be attributed to an effect of gap-induced dispersion. However, it should be noted that their work considers an aperture of 3 mm and, therefore, will have considerably higher gap-induced flow behavior compared to our study.…”

“…The Hele–Shaw cell, a simple apparatus built with a small aperture between two transparent flat plates, has been extensively used to visualize the Darcy flow, including density-driven CO 2 transport. Furthermore, by varying several parameters in the cell, such as aperture, porosity, and vertical or horizontal permeability, it is possible to mimic the transport mechanism similar to that of CO 2 storage in different geological structures. − These experimental studies have adopted different visualization techniques to investigate the finger morphology during density-driven CO 2 transport, such as the pH indicator-based method, Schlieren method, particle image velocimetry, laser-induced fluorescence, and interferometry method. ,,− Furthermore, several studies have investigated scaling relationships to characterize the convective dissolution rate of CO 2 in brine formations. − Mojtaba et al developed a relationship between Sherwood and Rayleigh numbers and CO 2 convective flux at different Rayleigh numbers under 3.45 MPa and 182 < Ra < 20,860. Mahmoodpour et al showed scaling relationships between compensated flux and transition times between successive regimes in the system for experimental fluid with different salt types (NaCl and CaCl 2 ).…”

Validating the Nernst–Planck transport model under reaction-driven flow conditions using RetroPy v1.0

“…Although such experiments do capture the effects of density-driven flow, electromigration effects are not involved. Other experimental studies of convective dissolution of gaseous CO 2 in aqueous solutions have been conducted in pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) cells (Yang and Gu, 2006), Hele-Shaw cells (Kneafsey and Pruess, 2010;Class et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020;Jiang et al, 2020;Teng et al, 2021), and 3D granular porous media (Mahmoodpour et al, 2020;Brouzet et al, 2022). Amarasinghe et al (2020) reviewed CO 2 dissolution experiments and performed experiments of convective dissolution of CO 2 in a Hele-Shaw cell and porous media under supercritical CO 2 conditions.…”

Data-Driven Bubble Tracking DMD Method for Predicting Bubble Rising Behaviors in a Hele-Shaw Cell

“…But the fluid dynamic behaviors of bubbles are complex and have extracted many research efforts . Recently, the bubble rising process in the confined space of Hele-Shaw cells was investigated by a number of authors for its important background of process intensification, as the confined space can provide the process a larger surface area, higher interfacial mass transfer coefficient, and longer contacting time of the two phases . In a confined space, the bubble rising movement is usually accompanied by complex deformations and oscillations of its rising trajectory, which result in unstable wake and increase in fluid turbulence and significantly affects the mass transfer process.…”