Experiências e expectativas de mulheres submetidas à histerectomia

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to understand the experiences and expectations of women submitted to the hysterectomy. The philosophical background of this study was the Alfred Schütz´s social phenomenology. The data were collected through interviews with ten women who realized elective hysterectomy. The analysis of the declarations showed that the woman, facing the necessity of hysterectomy, evokes myths and social background referring to removal of the womb and transcend them, deciding by the surgery due to signals and symptoms lived in the day-by-day. When passing through the hysterectomy, the women experiences a positive process of changes, having and improvement in the sexual life and the social relations. As a project the search for quality of life, considering the biopsycosocial lived in this period of the vital cycle. The knowledge of the women's living after hysterectomy offer subsides to the health professionals who take care of this clientele, showing the experiences and the care expectation. DESCRIPTORS:Nursing. Women´s health. Hysterectomy. Qualitative research. EXPERIÊNCIAS E EXPECTATIVAS DE MULHERES SUBMETIDAS À HISTERECTOMIARESUMO: Este estudo objetivou compreender as experiências e expectativas de mulheres submetidas à histerectomia. O referencial filosófico do estudo foi a Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schütz. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com dez mulheres que realizaram histerectomia eletiva. A análise dos depoimentos mostrou que a mulher, diante da necessidade da histerectomia, evoca mitos e constructos sociais referentes à retirada do útero e transcende-os, decidindo pela cirurgia em decorrência dos sinais e sintomas vivenciados em seu cotidiano. Ao ser submetida à histerectomia, experiencia um processo positivo de mudanças, com melhora na vida sexual e nas relações sociais. Tem como projeto a busca por qualidade de vida, considerando as necessidades biopsicossociais vivenciadas nesse período do ciclo vital. O conhecimento das vivências da mulher após histerectomizada oferece subsídios aos profissionais de saúde que cuidam dessa clientela, sinalizando ações conforme suas experiências e expectativas de cuidado. DESCRITORES:Enfermagem. Saúde da mulher. Histerectomia. Pesquisa qualitativa. EXPERIENCIAS Y EXPECTATIVAS DE LAS MUJERES SOMETIDAS A HISTERECTOMÍA RESUMEN:Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender las experiencias y expectativas de las mujeres sometidas a histerectomía. La referencia filosófica del estudio fue la fenomenología social de Alfred Schütz. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas con diez mujeres que se sometieron a histerectomía electiva. El análisis de las declaraciones mostró que la mujer, ante la necesidad de histerectomía, evoca mitos y constructos sociales referentes a la extirpación del útero y los transciende, decidiendo realizar la cirugía debido a los signos y síntomas vividos diariamente. Al ser sometida a histerectomía, pasa por un proceso positivo de cambios, con mejor vida sexual y mejores relaciones sociales. Se proyecta b...

Sexuality After Hysterectomy: A Qualitative Study on Women’s Sexual Experience After Hysterectomy

“…Merighi et al believes that reproduction is a common sense which is related not only to the sexual relationship but also to the genital organs; so lack of womb results in no reproduction and decrease or destruction in sexual desire in some cases. This can provoke the belief of getting frigid after hysterectomy among women (10). The results indicate that the tendency to receive sexual information is turned into shame due to the lack of general sexual knowledge, not believing the role of sexual relationship in mental health and family health and the cultural beliefs among Iranian women; so talking about sexual problems and receiving consultation are ignored.…”

“…The results of study by Merighi et al showed that their participants had a positive experience of hysterectomy. This can be due to their participation in educational programs in ambiguity resolving, decreasing the anxiety related to the surgery and receiving self-care and consultations about the correction of false beliefs (10). The results show that women with hysterectomy experience need professional help and family support, specially from their husband, to increase the quality of their sexual life after the surgery.…”

“…Satisfied ones tend more to have sex due to the removal of obstacles like bleeding and pain (20)(21)(22)(23)(24). The results of Merighi et al also showed that hysterectomy was a factor improving the relationships including the sexual ones (10). On the other hand, some other studies state no change (25) or decrease in sexual ability after hysterectomy (26).…”

“…Since women know the womb as the main feminine organ, its lack is a loss due to change in their self-image (27). The results of Merighi et al highlighted that the woman's perception of hysterectomy is influenced by social and cultural inductions; in a way that lack of womb makes the feeling of the presence of a cavity in body as a defect which is known as a threat for losing the husband and a destroyer of marriage (10). Researches show that the husbands may face with the decrease in sexual desire and change in attitude toward their wife after hysterectomy (18).…”

“…Our results show that women feel ambiguous about their womanliness due to lack of the womb which can decrease their sexual ability. The womanliness is defined based on different aspects of being a wife and having a baby while the lack of womb conflicts with their roles as a woman (10,34). As the womb is an important part of woman's self-image and sexual selfimage, some of them are afraid of losing their feminine attractiveness to their mate after the surgery (35).…”