“…Along with an influence from memory, music cognition research has highlighted the importance of the anticipation of upcoming events in the apprehension of music. Such work on musical expectancy (e.g., Bharucha, 1994;Bharucha & Stoeckig, 1986Bigand et al, 1999;Bigand & Pineau, 1997;Bigand et al, 2003;Cuddy & Lunney, 1995;Jones, 1981Jones, , 1982Jones, , 1990Krumhansl, 1995;Meyer, 1956; Schmuckler, 1989Schmuckler, , 1990Schmuckler, , 1997aSchmuckler & Boltz, 1994) has demonstrated myriad influences on the apprehension of, response to, and memory for musical materials (see Schmuckler, 1997a, for a review). Moreover, work on musical expectancy has demonstrated that tonality is a major determinant on the formation of expectations (e.g., Schmuckler, 1989Schmuckler, , 1990.…”