Exosomes as miRNA Carriers: Formation–Function–Future

Yu, Xiaojie; Odenthal, Margarete; Fries, Jochen W.U.

doi:10.3390/ijms17122028

Cited by 316 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Conversely, other miRNAs favour tumor progression such as miR-21, which can also be secreted through exosomes[56,57]. It should be considered that exosomes generally carry more than one kind of miRNA, so its effects depend on the combination of miRNAs presented[58]. …”

Section: Where Do Circulating Nucleic Acids Comes From and How Do Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Further the liquid biopsy: Gathering pieces of the puzzle of genometastasis theory

García-Casas

García‐Olmo

Garcı́a-Olmo

2017

WJCO

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Metastasis is the major cause of mortality in cancer disease and still constitutes one of the most controversial mechanism, not yet fully understood. What is almost beyond doubt is that circulatory system is crucial for cancer propagation. Regarding this system, much attention has been recently paid to liquid biopsy. This technique is aimed to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating nucleic acids so it can be used as a tool for diagnostic, prognostic and follow-up of patients. Whereas CTCs tend to be scarce in serum and plasma from cancer patient, abundant circulating nucleic acids can be detected in the same location. This fact, together with the genetic origin of cancer, stands out the relevance of circulating nucleic acids and shed light into the role of nucleic acids as drivers of metastasis, a recently discovered phenomenon called Genometastasis. This innovative theory supports the transfer of oncogenes from cancer cells to normal and susceptible cells located in distant target organs through circulatory system. What is more, many biological processes haven been described to deliver and secrete circulating nucleic acids into the circulation which can allow such horizontal transfer of oncogenes. In this review, we focus not only on these mechanisms but also we demonstrate its putative role in cancer propagation and give insights about possible therapeutic strategies based on this theory. Our objective is to demonstrate how findings about cell-to-cell communications and previous results can agree with this unprecedented theory.

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Section: Where Do Circulating Nucleic Acids Comes From and How Do Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Further the liquid biopsy: Gathering pieces of the puzzle of genometastasis theory

García-Casas

García‐Olmo

Garcı́a-Olmo

2017

WJCO

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“…В составе опухолевых экзосом, играющих активную роль в развитии вторичных опухолевых очагов, в част-ности в создании преметастатических ниш, часто об-наруживают miR-155 [6,7,56]. Это говорит в пользу утверждения об участии miR-155 в опухолевой прогрес-сии.…”

Section: солидные опухоли и Mir-155unclassified

MicroRNA-155-5p in pathogenesis of cancer

Зборовская¹,

Komelkov²

2017

Usp. mol. onkol

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ВведениеМикроРНК -класс малых (18-25 нуклеотидов) РНК, регулирующих экспрессию генов на посттран-скрипционном уровне. Число работ, посвященных исследованиям микроРНК при различных заболева-ниях человека, особенно онкологических, неуклонно растет. Однако, несмотря на усилия в изучении меха-низмов действия различных микроРНК, их прямого или опосредованного участия в модулировании кле-точных сигнальных путей и определения роли в про-цессах опухолевого роста, картина все более усложняет-ся. Проблема заключается, в первую очередь, в том, что большинство микроРНК многофункциональны, регулируют экспрессию сразу нескольких генов, при том, что один и тот же ген может посттранскрип-ционно регулироваться сразу несколькими микроРНК. В разных клеточных типах и даже в пределах схожих клеточных контекстов одна и та же микроРНК высту-пает в роли то онкогена, то опухолевого супрессора [1,2]. Эти утверждения прекрасно иллюстрирует рабо-та исследователей из Онкологического центра Андер-сона (Anderson Cancer Center, Техас) и Кэмбриджского университета (University of Cambridge, Кембридж), опубликованная в 2015 г. в журнале, аффилированном с Nature [3]. Авторы дали подробную и хорошо аргу-ментированную характеристику отдельным микроРНК и их кластерам, ассоциированным с целым рядом кле-точных процессов и сигнальных путей, и попытались

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“…These data suggest that microvesicles secreted by T. cruzi could affect parasite host cell interplay. It is now accepted that secreted exosomes and shed microvesicles/ectosomes are a means for the delivery of genetic information (e.g., miRNAs and mRNAs) and proteins between cells [19]. Interestingly, these exosomal mRNAs and microRNAs were completely functional in recipient cells and thus played pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication [19].…”

Section: Exosomes In the Protozoan Trypanosoma Cruzimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is now accepted that secreted exosomes and shed microvesicles/ectosomes are a means for the delivery of genetic information (e.g., miRNAs and mRNAs) and proteins between cells [19]. Interestingly, these exosomal mRNAs and microRNAs were completely functional in recipient cells and thus played pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication [19]. Thus, it is possible to speculate that T. cruzi extracellular vesicles and their cargo could represent a route of intercellular communication delivering "molecular messages" to others cells aimed to induce coordinated responses to assure parasite survival through both the emergence of infective forms and the establishment of a cellular environment able to facilitate infection.…”

Section: Exosomes In the Protozoan Trypanosoma Cruzimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes in the Pathogenic Protozoan Trypanosoma Cruzi

Souza¹

2017

Int J Pathol Clin Res

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Significant advances have recently occurred in the identification and characterization of different types of microvesicles released by eukaryotic cells into the extracellular space. Exosomes are one such type of these vesicles they originate from multivesicular bodies and have received much attention. Here, we review the available data on microvesicles secreted by the pathogenic protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the causative agent of Chagas disease and that still has a high prevalence in Latin America. The available data show that T. cruzi exosomes contain some key proteins and RNA molecules that contain genetic information and may interfere with transcription. The available information suggests that they play some role in the biology of T. cruzi, including its interaction with host cells, as well as on the pathogenesis of Chagas disease where inflammatory processes and host cell dead occurs as a consequence of parasites, factors released by the parasites, and molecules produced by different host cells that are part of the immunological response.

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Exosomes as miRNA Carriers: Formation–Function–Future

Cited by 316 publications

References 103 publications

Further the liquid biopsy: Gathering pieces of the puzzle of genometastasis theory

Further the liquid biopsy: Gathering pieces of the puzzle of genometastasis theory

MicroRNA-155-5p in pathogenesis of cancer

Exosomes in the Pathogenic Protozoan Trypanosoma Cruzi

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