Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in pigeons

Amann, O. V.; Visschers, Merel J. M.; Dorrestein, Gerry M.; Westerhof, Ineke; Lumeij, J. T.

doi:10.1080/03079450500465791

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Reference plasma lipase levels for chickens are not yet available. In pigeons, reference physiological values indicate plasma lipase activity between 0 and 5 U/L (Amann et al, 2006). These values were greatly exceeded in the infected groups in this study.…”

Section: Inclusion Bodies Necrosiscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Selected clinical chemistry analytes correlate with the pathogenesis of inclusion body hepatitis experimentally induced by fowl aviadenoviruses

et al. 2016

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In the present study, clinical chemistry was applied to assess the pathogenesis and progression of experimentally induced inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). For this, five fowl aviadenovirus (FAdV) strains from recent IBH field outbreaks were used to orally inoculate different groups of day-old specific pathogen-free chickens, which were weighed, sampled and examined during necropsy by sequential killing. Mortalities of 50% and 30% were recorded in two groups between 6 and 9 days post-infection (dpi), along with a decreased weight of 23% and 20%, respectively, compared to the control group. Macroscopical changes were seen in the liver and kidney between 6 and 10 dpi, with no lesions being observed in the other organs. Histological lesions were observed in the liver and pancreas during the same period. Plasma was collected from killed birds of each group at each time point and the following clinical chemistry analytes were investigated: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), bile acids, total protein, albumin, uric acid and lipase. Plasma protein profile, AST and GLDH, together with bile acids values paralleled the macroscopical and histopathological lesions in the liver, while plasma lipase activity levels coincided with lesions observed in pancreas. In agreement with the histology and clinical chemistry, viral load in the target organs, liver and pancreas, was highest at 7 dpi. Thus, clinical chemistry was found to be a valuable tool in evaluating and monitoring the progression of IBH in experimentally infected birds, providing a deeper knowledge of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of a FAdV infection in chickens.

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Section: Inclusion Bodies Necrosiscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Selected clinical chemistry analytes correlate with the pathogenesis of inclusion body hepatitis experimentally induced by fowl aviadenoviruses

et al. 2016

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“…Histological studies of pancreatic lesions in broilers with RSS revealed fibrosis, inflammation, vacuolar changes in the exocrine compartment, degeneration of acinar cells and loss of zymogen granules (Qamar et al 2013). In pigeons, exocrine pancreas disease produced voluminous, coloured faeces and weight loss (Amann et al 2006), and when aflatoxins are present in the diet, histological changes in the pancreas are observed, together with effects on performance and nutrient absorption (Marchioro et al 2013). Together, these findings establish a relationship between pancreatic damage and signs of malabsorption, and, more importantly, a relationship between pancreatic damage and RSS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of enteric viruses in pancreas and spleen of broilers with runting-stunting syndrome (RSS)

et al. 2016

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RESUMO.-[Detecção de vírus entéricos em pâncreas e baço de frangos com a síndrome de nanismo e raquitismo (RSS).]A doença entérica é um problema multifatorial em galinhas que causa alterações gastrointestinais, conversão alimentar elevada e deficiência de crescimento.Nos últimos anos, os vírus entéricos foram associados à doença entérica; casos reportados mostraram a infecção de um único vírus e também infecções concomitantes durante os surtos sugerindo a presença de múltiplos fatores etiológicos nas doenças entéricas. Este estudo mostra uma alta taxa de detecção dos vírus entéricos em amostras de pâncreas e baço de um surto de enterite e má-absorção em 16 lotes de frangos (n=80 frangos). O vírus de nefrite aviá-ria (ANV) foi o vírus mais detectado, estando presente em 75% dos lotes seguido pelo rotavírus aviário grupo A (ART--A) em 68,75% dos casos, e pelo astrovirus (CAstV) e parvovírus aviários (ChPV), ambos em 43,75% das amostras. Os vírus estavam presentes no pâncreas dos lotes positivos em percentuais elevados: 100% para ART-A e CAstV; 91,7% para ANV, e em 57,14% para ChPV. Em contraste, somente 16,7% e 57,14%, em amostras de intestino, foram positivos para ANV e CAstV, respectivamente. Reovírus aviário Enteric disease is a multifactorial problem in chickens, which causes gastrointestinal alterations, elevated feed conversions and impairment. In the last years, several enteric viruses were implicated in enteric disease; case reports have shown their presence alone or in concomitant infections during outbreaks and have suggested that they might be determining factors in the aetiology of enteric disease. This study shows high detection rates of enteric viruses in the pancreas and spleen in samples from an outbreak of enteritis and malabsorption in 16 chicken flocks (n=80 broilers). Avian nephritis virus (ANV) was the most ubiquitous virus, present in 75% of the flocks followed by avian rotavirus group A (ART-A) with 68.75%, and by chicken astrovirus (CAstV) and chicken parvovirus (ChPV) in 43.75% of samples. Viruses were present in the pancreas of positive flocks at extremely high rates: 100% for ART-A, 91.7% for ANV, 100% for CAstV and 57.14% for ChPV. By contrast, only 16.7% and 57.14% of intestine samples were positive for ANV and CAstV, respectively. Avian reovirus (AReo) and avian adenovirus group 1 (FAdV-1) were not detected. These results suggest that high viral detection rates in pancreas samples may be a result of viremia during enteric disease, with subsequent damage of the exocrine pancreas, leading to runting-stunting syndrome (RSS).INDEX TERMS: Broiler, enteric viruses, detection, pancreas, spleen, runting-stunting syndrome, RSS.

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“…The correlations between the activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum were studied in pet animals (e.g. dogs) as related to the acute and/or chronic pancreatitis; exocrine pancreatic insufficiencies in poultry are considered less significant and hence these interrelationships in avian species are still understudied [8]. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the tryptic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

The Correlation between the Activities of Digestive Enzymes in the Pancreas and Blood Serum in Chicken

Вертипрахов¹,

Grozina²,

Фисинин³

et al. 2018

OJAS

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It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concentration ranges. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the enzymatic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry. The study presented was aimed at the determination of possible correlation between the activities of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice or pancreatic tissue and in blood serum in chicken. The study was performed on Leghorn cockerels with chronically fistulated main pancreatic duct, and broiler chicks at different ages (14, 24, 28, and 35 days). Activities of all digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice in cockerels were found to grow in 1 hr after the feeding: amylase by 1.8 times, lipase 1.5 times, and proteases 1.3 times compared to basal level (after starving). Activity of trypsin in serum significantly increased by 67.4% in 1 hr after the feeding (P < 0.001) while activities of amylase and lipase remained at their respective preprandial levels. The activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum in broilers at different ages were positively correlated: r = 0.54 for amylase, r = 0.96 for lipase, and r = 0.99 for trypsin. The strong positive correlation between tryptic activities in the pancreas or pancreatic juice and in blood serum in chicken can be a starting point for further research on the functions of circulatory trypsin which can include the regulation of exocrine pancreatic activity and other vital functions.

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Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in pigeons

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Selected clinical chemistry analytes correlate with the pathogenesis of inclusion body hepatitis experimentally induced by fowl aviadenoviruses

Selected clinical chemistry analytes correlate with the pathogenesis of inclusion body hepatitis experimentally induced by fowl aviadenoviruses

Detection of enteric viruses in pancreas and spleen of broilers with runting-stunting syndrome (RSS)

The Correlation between the Activities of Digestive Enzymes in the Pancreas and Blood Serum in Chicken

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