Exempting the poor: The experience of Thailand

Geographic inequities in provision and utilization of malaria treatment services in southeast Nigeria: Diagnosis, providers and drugs

“…Health seeking behaviour was very poor among rural dwellers and such inequities should inform the design of programmes aimed at reducing the overall burden of the disease [13], and, even with fee exemption, the cost of transportation to the health facility may pose difficulties [14]. The consumption of effective drugs, such as artemisinin-based combination therapy, by the urbanites leaves much to be desired in the current effort towards efficient malaria treatment services.…”

Geographic inequities in provision and utilization of malaria treatment services in southeast Nigeria: Diagnosis, providers and drugs

“…Health seeking behaviour was very poor among rural dwellers and such inequities should inform the design of programmes aimed at reducing the overall burden of the disease [13], and, even with fee exemption, the cost of transportation to the health facility may pose difficulties [14]. The consumption of effective drugs, such as artemisinin-based combination therapy, by the urbanites leaves much to be desired in the current effort towards efficient malaria treatment services.…”

Financial access to health care in Karuzi, Burundi: a household-survey based performance evaluation

“…Households meeting at least one indigence criterion were included as beneficiaries. In almost all households, cash availability was low or non-existent so that household income could not be used as an economic criterion as in Cambodia [ 17 ] or Thailand [ 19 ]. We therefore used the proxy indicators of socio-economic status and vulnerability, such as ownership of land and age and sex of head of household, to capture different aspects of deprivation [ 16 ].…”

Socio-economic differences and health seeking behaviour for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria: a case study of four local government areas operating the Bamako initiative programme in south-east Nigeria

“…The cost of food was used to proxy income since it is difficult to collect reliable information on household income and estimates show that 62.8 % of Nigerians spend between 70% and 80% of their income on food [10]. Consumption expenditures were used to divide households into "income" quintiles [31] and in Thailand, income was used to classify households into poor and non-poor [38]. …”

Geographic inequities in provision and utilization of malaria treatment services in southeast Nigeria: Diagnosis, providers and drugs

“…Health seeking behaviour was very poor among rural dwellers and such inequities should inform the design of programmes aimed at reducing the overall burden of the disease [13], and, even with fee exemption, the cost of transportation to the health facility may pose difficulties [14]. The consumption of effective drugs, such as artemisinin-based combination therapy, by the urbanites leaves much to be desired in the current effort towards efficient malaria treatment services.…”

Financial access to health care in Karuzi, Burundi: a household-survey based performance evaluation

“…Households meeting at least one indigence criterion were included as beneficiaries. In almost all households, cash availability was low or non-existent so that household income could not be used as an economic criterion as in Cambodia [ 17 ] or Thailand [ 19 ]. We therefore used the proxy indicators of socio-economic status and vulnerability, such as ownership of land and age and sex of head of household, to capture different aspects of deprivation [ 16 ].…”

Socio-economic differences and health seeking behaviour for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria: a case study of four local government areas operating the Bamako initiative programme in south-east Nigeria

“…The cost of food was used to proxy income since it is difficult to collect reliable information on household income and estimates show that 62.8 % of Nigerians spend between 70% and 80% of their income on food [10]. Consumption expenditures were used to divide households into "income" quintiles [31] and in Thailand, income was used to classify households into poor and non-poor [38]. …”

Geographic inequities in provision and utilization of malaria treatment services in southeast Nigeria: Diagnosis, providers and drugs

“…Health seeking behaviour was very poor among rural dwellers and such inequities should inform the design of programmes aimed at reducing the overall burden of the disease [13], and, even with fee exemption, the cost of transportation to the health facility may pose difficulties [14]. The consumption of effective drugs, such as artemisinin-based combination therapy, by the urbanites leaves much to be desired in the current effort towards efficient malaria treatment services.…”

Financial access to health care in Karuzi, Burundi: a household-survey based performance evaluation

“…Households meeting at least one indigence criterion were included as beneficiaries. In almost all households, cash availability was low or non-existent so that household income could not be used as an economic criterion as in Cambodia [ 17 ] or Thailand [ 19 ]. We therefore used the proxy indicators of socio-economic status and vulnerability, such as ownership of land and age and sex of head of household, to capture different aspects of deprivation [ 16 ].…”

Socio-economic differences and health seeking behaviour for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria: a case study of four local government areas operating the Bamako initiative programme in south-east Nigeria

“…The cost of food was used to proxy income since it is difficult to collect reliable information on household income and estimates show that 62.8 % of Nigerians spend between 70% and 80% of their income on food [10]. Consumption expenditures were used to divide households into "income" quintiles [31] and in Thailand, income was used to classify households into poor and non-poor [38]. …”