Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2015 Update

Mozaffarian, Dariush; Benjamin, Emelia J.; Go, Alan S.; Arnett, Donna K.; Blaha, Michael J.; Cushman, Mary; Ferranti, Sarah D. de; Després, Jean; Fullerton, Heather J.; Howard, Virginia J.; Huffman, Mark D.; Judd, Suzanne E.; Kissela, Brett M.; Lackland, Daniel T.; Lichtman, Judith H.; Lisabeth, Lynda D.; Liu, Simin; Mackey, Rachel H.; Matchar, David B.; McGuire, Darren K.; Mohler, Emile R.; Moy, Claudia S.; Muntner, Paul; Mussolino, Michael E.; Nasir, Khurram; Neumar, Robert W.; Nichol, Graham; Palaniappan, Latha; Pandey, Dilip K.; Reeves, Mathew J.; Rodríguez, Carlos J.; Sorlie, Paul D.; Stein, Joel; Towfighi, Amytis; Turan, Tanya N.; Virani, Salim S.; Willey, Joshua Z.; Woo, Daniel; Yeh, Robert W.; Turner, Melanie B.

doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000157

Cited by 569 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

314

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This research is based upon the growing need to identify therapeutic targets to reduce cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in the United States [26]. Better understanding the connection between OSA and cardiovascular disease represents one such strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Determining Risk of Vascular Events by Apnea Monitoring (DREAM) study: design, rationale, and methods

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Determining Risk of Vascular Events by Apnea Monitoring (DREAM) study: design, rationale, and methods

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[1][2][3] Heart has two main functionality, the first one is to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the body, and the second one is to carry away the remains of the metabolism. 4 Heart has also affect the performance of the other parts, hence cardiac disorder will cause disruption of the entire performance of system in the human body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 17.3 million people worldwide die from heart disease annually and it was predicted to grow to 23.6 million in 2030. 1,3 Therefore, early detection become solution to reduce the number of deaths cause of cardiac disease. 6 Electrocardiography (ECG) can be used for early detection of cardiac disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R-peaks detection method for classifying arrhythmia disorder

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a non-invasive technique that is used to diagnose heart abnormalities. ECG records all heart activities and represent them using bio electric signals. Arrhythmia is one of the cardiac disorder that can be detected using ECG. Arrhythmia need to be detected early because of an early symptom of heart disease as deadly as coronary heart disease and heart failure. Arrhythmia described using the difference between the R-peaks based on QRS complex. Therefore, R-peaks detection will be an important factor that can be used to classify arrhythmia disease. One of the widely used methods to detect R-peaks is Pan-Tompkins method. Pan-Tompkins method used a threshold value approach to get all location of R-peaks point from the ECG signals. This study proposed a development based on Pan-Tompkins method by change the threshold value using normalize technique and moving windows approach to get all location of R-peaks point from the ECG signals. This study uses MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset. This method can show the R-peaks detection with 99.83% sensitivity and 0.40% total error rate detection. Hence, this method has potential to be used for classifying arrhythmia disorder based on the R-peaks point. ABSTRAKElektrokardiografi (ECG) merupakan salah satu metode non-invasif yang digunakan untuk membantu mendiagnosis berbagai kelainan jantung. ECG bekerja dengan merekam berbagai aktivitas jantung dan merepresentasikannya ke dalam bentuk isyarat listrik jantung. Aritmia merupakan salah satu kelaian jantung yang mampu di deteksi menggunakan ECG. Aritmia perlu dideteksi secara dini karena merupakan awal gejala terjadinya penyakit jantung yang mematikan seperti jantung koroner dan gagal jantung. Adanya aritmia pada isyarat ECG digambarkan dengan selisih jarak antar puncak R berdasarkan kompleks QRS. Sehingga titik puncak R menjadi salah satu factor penting yang dapat digunakan untuk mengkalasifikasi adanya aritmia. Metode Pan-Tompkins menjadi metode yang paling banyak digunakan pada penelitian untuk menentukan titik puncak R pada isyarat ECG. Metode Pan-Tompkins menggunakan pendekatan nilai ambang untuk menemukan adanya titik puncak pada isyarat ECG. Pada penelitian ini diusulkan pengembangan suatu metode berdasarkan metode Pan-Tompkins dengan mengubah nilai ambang menggunakan teknik normalisasi serta menambahkan pendekatan moving window untuk mendapatkan titik puncak pada isyarat ECG. Pengembangan metode ini diimplementasikan menggunakan dataset MIT-BIH aritmia dengan nilai sensitivitas yang dihasilkan sebesar 99.83% dengan rata-rata kesalahan deteksi 0.40%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan metode 191Nugraha AF et al., R-peaks detection method for classifying arrhythmia disorder ini mempunyai potensi baik untuk mendeteksi adanya titik puncak pada isyarat ECG yang mendukung klasifikasi aritmia.

show abstract

“…Although cardiovascular mortality has decreased by 30.8% in the last decade, it is still responsible for 1 in 3 deaths in the U.S. (1). In spite of targeting the common risk factors, there is still a residual burden for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting AMP Kinase in Myeloid Cells to Reduce Atherosclerosis

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subjects with diabetes have a 1.8 times greater risk of having a heart attack than subjects without diabetes. Although cardiovascular mortality has decreased by 30.8% in the last decade, it is still responsible for 1 in 3 deaths in the U.S. (1). In spite of targeting the common risk factors, there is still a residual burden for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (2). As inflammatory processes are involved in every stage of atherosclerosis, targeting inflammation has become an attractive strategy for further reducing the incidence of ASCVD (3).AMP activated kinase (AMPK) is an enzyme that increases cellular ATP generation and diminishes ATP use for less critical processes (4). It regulates the transport of glucose, the synthesis of lipids and proteins, and the rate of fuel metabolism. It is also involved in regulating inflammation and oxidative and ER stress (5). AMPK may thus provide the link between nutrient, metabolic, and inflammatory stimuli. Dysregulation of AMPK may therefore play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, hypertension, and ASCVD. On the basis of the information cited above, activation of AMPK could prevent or treat these conditions.Although there is evidence that AMPK activation is atheroprotective, the specific mechanism responsible for this effect is unclear (6). To explore the hypothesis that the atheroprotective effect of AMPK is due to the suppression of macrophage inflammation, Cao et al. (7) have investigated whether myeloid deletion of a1AMPK exacerbates atherosclerosis and whether this is associated with an increase in macrophage inflammation and chemotaxis and an alteration in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. To investigate this hypothesis they created a myeloid a1AMPK knockout (MAKO) in the LDL receptor knockout (LDLRKO) mice (MAKO/LDLRKO). Control floxed/ LDLRKO and MAKO/LDLRKO mice were fed an atherogenic diet for 16 weeks, and various analyses were done to quantify atherosclerosis, macrophage inflammation, chemotaxis, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and liver inflammation. a1AMPK mRNA and protein were decreased specifically in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and peritoneal macrophages in the MAKO/LDLRKO mice. The MAKO/LDLRKO mice were similar in weight and insulin sensitivity but had higher total and LDL cholesterol than controls. Atherosclerotic lesions were increased by 38 and 63% in the aortic roots and whole aorta, respectively, in the MAKO/LDLRKO mice. Deletion of a1AMPK increased basal and lipopolysaccharidestimulated proinflammatory genes and macrophage adhesion to endothelial cells in BMDMs isolated from MAKO/LDLRKO mice. The macrophage content in atherosclerotic plaque was increased in the MAKO/LDLRKO mice along with an increase in chemotactic chemokines. Inflammatory genes were also upregulated in macrophages isolated from the atherosclerotic plaques of MAKO/LDLRKO mice. The higher cholesterol levels in MAKO/LDLRKO mice were associated with an increase in apolipoprotein B (apoB100 and apoB48) in plasma and in apoB mRNA and protein and expression...

show abstract

Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2015 Update

Cited by 569 publications

References 0 publications

The Determining Risk of Vascular Events by Apnea Monitoring (DREAM) study: design, rationale, and methods

The Determining Risk of Vascular Events by Apnea Monitoring (DREAM) study: design, rationale, and methods

R-peaks detection method for classifying arrhythmia disorder

Targeting AMP Kinase in Myeloid Cells to Reduce Atherosclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About