Executive Functions and the Ability to Sustain Vigilance During Sleep Loss

Killgore, William D.S.; Grugle, Nancy L.; Reichardt, Rebecca M.; Killgore, Desiree B.; Balkin, Thomas J.

doi:10.3357/asem.2396.2009

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These results agree with the lack of an association between REM sleep reduction and cognitive flexibility and fluency in depressive patients treated with antidepressant drugs (Göder et al, 2011). However, they contrast with evidence showing a deteriorating effect of total sleep deprivation on complex tasks involving prefrontal functions (Drummond et al, 2006;Jones and Harrison, 2001;Killgore et al, 2009;Tsai et al, 2005) and on inhibitory efficiency (Chuah et al, 2006). They also contradict the deficit observed in the capacity to sustain selective attention following total sleep deprivation , or chronic sleep restriction (Cote et al, 2008), suggesting that for previously-practiced tasks one night of selective REM sleep deprivation or sleep discontinuity can be compensated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of selective REM sleep deprivation on prefrontal gamma activity and executive functions

Corsi-Cabrera

Rosales-Lagarde

Río-Portilla

et al. 2015

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of selective REM sleep deprivation on prefrontal gamma activity and executive functions

Corsi-Cabrera

Rosales-Lagarde

Río-Portilla

et al. 2015

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…Like patients with damage to the OFC or amygdala, people who are sleep deprived demonstrate poor performance on the IGT. 13 The blunted feedback reactions observed in the reversal learning decision task used here may thus be causal to sleep deprivation-induced deficits observed on this task, as well as on the IGT and related measures in other studies of healthy subjects. 2,14,44 Further evidence for this interpretation may be found in studies that examined the processing of outcome feedback with event-related potentials (ERP).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[9][10][11] In addition, evidence from simulated gambling tasks, which are predictive of naturalistic decision making, 12 shows that sleep deprivation affects decisions requiring the ability to weigh the risks and benefits of possible gains and losses. 13 Though reduced activity in frontal lobe circuits involved in the executive control of attention may be involved in these effects, the specific mechanisms that produce sleep deprivation effects on risky decision making are not yet understood. 14 The key to understanding the apparent gap between the relatively small, inconsistent effects of sleep deprivation in laboratory tests of decision making and the apparently considerable, costly effects of sleep deprivation on decisions in many natural contexts may lie in differences in the types of decisions required in each environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Whitney

Hinson

Jackson

et al. 2015

Sleep

100

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745Sleep Deprivation and Decision Making-Whitney et al. INTRODUCTIONThe effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance is not uniform. 1 In laboratory studies, sleep deprivation has consistently been shown to substantially degrade vigilance and sustained attention, whereas its effects on demanding tests of complex cognition such as decision making appear to be inconsistent and relatively small. 2,3 Paradoxically, in the natural environment there are well-documented deficits in decision making due to sleep deprivation. 4,5 In emergency response, disaster management, military encounters, and other fast-paced situations with uncertain outcomes and imperfect information, good decision making is significantly hampered by sleep deprivation. 6-8Although the lapses of sustained attention that are characteristic of sleep deprivation contribute to errors and accidents, 3,8 attentional lapses are not the whole story of sleep deprivation effects on naturalistic decision making. The laboratory tasks often used to examine sleep deprivation effects on decisions typically do not include elements of updating information over Study Objectives: To better understand the sometimes catastrophic effects of sleep loss on naturalistic decision making, we investigated effects of sleep deprivation on decision making in a reversal learning paradigm requiring acquisition and updating of information based on outcome feedback. Design: Subjects were randomized to a sleep deprivation or control condition, with performance testing at baseline, after 2 nights of total sleep deprivation (or rested control), and following 2 nights of recovery sleep. Subjects performed a decision task involving initial learning of go and no go response sets followed by unannounced reversal of contingencies, requiring use of outcome feedback for decisions. A working memory scanning task and psychomotor vigilance test were also administered. Setting: Six consecutive days and nights in a controlled laboratory environment with continuous behavioral monitoring. Subjects: Twenty-six subjects (22-40 y of age; 10 women). Interventions: Thirteen subjects were randomized to a 62-h total sleep deprivation condition; the others were controls. Results: Unlike controls, sleep deprived subjects had difficulty with initial learning of go and no go stimuli sets and had profound impairment adapting to reversal. Skin conductance responses to outcome feedback were diminished, indicating blunted affective reactions to feedback accompanying sleep deprivation. Working memory scanning performance was not significantly affected by sleep deprivation. And although sleep deprived subjects showed expected attentional lapses, these could not account for impairments in reversal learning decision making. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation is particularly problematic for decision making involving uncertainty and unexpected change. Blunted reactions to feedback while sleep deprived underlie failures to adapt to uncertainty and changing contingencies. Thus, an error may register, but with diminishe...

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“…Sleep deprivation has been frequently shown to impair cognitive function (Banks & Dinges, 2007; Durmer & Dinges, 2005; Lal et al, 2012). In particular, sleep deprivation impairs decision-making (Killgore, 2010; Killgore et al, 2007, 2008a, 2008b, 2009a, 2009b, 2012). In addition to the humoral pathways described above, sleep deprivation may lead to an impaired ability to make healthy food choices (St-Onge et al, 2012).…”

Section: Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Associated With Sleep Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing sleep disturbances: An opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease?

Grandner

2014

International Review of Psychiatry

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There is increasing awareness of the role of sleep disturbance as an important factor in health and disease. Although subclinical sleep disturbances (insufficient sleep duration or inadequate sleep quality) may be difficult to assess with conceptual and/or methodological clarity, this review attempts to summarize and synthesize these findings. First, the concept of sleep disturbance in a public health context is introduced, to provide context and rationale. Second, operational definitions of ‘cardiometabolic disease’ and ‘sleep disturbance’ are offered, to address many unclear operationalizations. Third, the extant literature is summarized regarding short or long sleep duration and/or insufficient sleep, insomnia and insomnia symptoms, general (non-specific sleep disturbances), circadian rhythm abnormalities that result in sleep disturbances, and, briefly, sleep-disordered breathing. Fourth, the review highlights the social/behavioural context of sleep, including discussions of sleep and race/ethnicity, socio-economic position, and other social/environmental factors, in order to place these findings in a social-environmental context relevant to public health. Fifth, the review highlights the issue of sleep as a domain of health behaviour and addresses issues regarding development of healthy sleep interventions. Finally, a research agenda of future directions is proposed.

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Executive Functions and the Ability to Sustain Vigilance During Sleep Loss

Abstract: Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that greater prefrontal/executive functioning may be protective against the adverse effects of sleep deprivation and suggest that baseline executive function testing may prove useful for prediction of resilience during sleep loss.

Cited by 52 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of selective REM sleep deprivation on prefrontal gamma activity and executive functions

Effects of selective REM sleep deprivation on prefrontal gamma activity and executive functions

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Addressing sleep disturbances: An opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease?

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