Excretion of nitrates and nitrites in saliva and bile in the dog

Nitrate in vegetables - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain

“…Therefore, the sum of nitrate and nitrite in blood is almost identical to the nitrate levels (Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2005). This is also seen in body fluids and tissues of laboratory animals, where nitrite in the normal situation is practically absent, except in saliva where it increases as nitrate levels decrease Fritsch et al, 1985;Cortas and Wakid, 1991). In mice and rabbits, intravenous injection of labelled nitrite resulted in a homogenous distribution of radioactivity to a number of organs, including liver, kidneys and urinary bladder (Parks et al, 1981).…”

Nitrate in vegetables - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain

“…Therefore, the sum of nitrate and nitrite in blood is almost identical to the nitrate levels (Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2005). This is also seen in body fluids and tissues of laboratory animals, where nitrite in the normal situation is practically absent, except in saliva where it increases as nitrate levels decrease Fritsch et al, 1985;Cortas and Wakid, 1991). In mice and rabbits, intravenous injection of labelled nitrite resulted in a homogenous distribution of radioactivity to a number of organs, including liver, kidneys and urinary bladder (Parks et al, 1981).…”

Postbiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 9161 Influences the Canine Oral Metagenome and Reduces Plaque Biofilm Formation

“…Nitrates are proposed to exert their oral effects through inhibition of periopathogen growth and through an anti-inflammatory effect on the host gingiva by nitric oxide, the final product of nitrate reduction [ 56 , 57 ]. Further work to quantify the relationship between HT L. plantarum CECT9161 and nitrogen metabolites in saliva would confirm whether the increased functional capacity for denitrification associated with HT L. plantarum CECT9161 translates to a physiological effect [ 60 ]. Other associations were found between HT L. plantarum CECT9161 and microbiome functional potential that could be related to an oral health effect.…”

Assessing non-protein nitrogen sources in commercial dry dog foods

“…Upon ingestion, much of the nitrate is converted into nitrite as a result of a combination of low pH, microbial population, and salivary enzymes in the mouth ( Sukuroglu et al, 2015 ). As the nitrite moves through the gastrointestinal system, it can undergo cycling and be converted back into nitrate, converted into other nitrogenous compounds, or be excreted as nitrite ( Fritsch et al, 1985 ). In contrast, there was a negative relationship observed between crude protein and urine nitrate in dogs.…”

Nitrate in vegetables - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain

“…Therefore, the sum of nitrate and nitrite in blood is almost identical to the nitrate levels (Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2005). This is also seen in body fluids and tissues of laboratory animals, where nitrite in the normal situation is practically absent, except in saliva where it increases as nitrate levels decrease Fritsch et al, 1985;Cortas and Wakid, 1991). In mice and rabbits, intravenous injection of labelled nitrite resulted in a homogenous distribution of radioactivity to a number of organs, including liver, kidneys and urinary bladder (Parks et al, 1981).…”

Postbiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 9161 Influences the Canine Oral Metagenome and Reduces Plaque Biofilm Formation

“…Nitrates are proposed to exert their oral effects through inhibition of periopathogen growth and through an anti-inflammatory effect on the host gingiva by nitric oxide, the final product of nitrate reduction [ 56 , 57 ]. Further work to quantify the relationship between HT L. plantarum CECT9161 and nitrogen metabolites in saliva would confirm whether the increased functional capacity for denitrification associated with HT L. plantarum CECT9161 translates to a physiological effect [ 60 ]. Other associations were found between HT L. plantarum CECT9161 and microbiome functional potential that could be related to an oral health effect.…”

Assessing non-protein nitrogen sources in commercial dry dog foods

“…Upon ingestion, much of the nitrate is converted into nitrite as a result of a combination of low pH, microbial population, and salivary enzymes in the mouth ( Sukuroglu et al, 2015 ). As the nitrite moves through the gastrointestinal system, it can undergo cycling and be converted back into nitrate, converted into other nitrogenous compounds, or be excreted as nitrite ( Fritsch et al, 1985 ). In contrast, there was a negative relationship observed between crude protein and urine nitrate in dogs.…”

Nitrate in vegetables - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain

“…Therefore, the sum of nitrate and nitrite in blood is almost identical to the nitrate levels (Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2005). This is also seen in body fluids and tissues of laboratory animals, where nitrite in the normal situation is practically absent, except in saliva where it increases as nitrate levels decrease Fritsch et al, 1985;Cortas and Wakid, 1991). In mice and rabbits, intravenous injection of labelled nitrite resulted in a homogenous distribution of radioactivity to a number of organs, including liver, kidneys and urinary bladder (Parks et al, 1981).…”

Postbiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 9161 Influences the Canine Oral Metagenome and Reduces Plaque Biofilm Formation

“…Nitrates are proposed to exert their oral effects through inhibition of periopathogen growth and through an anti-inflammatory effect on the host gingiva by nitric oxide, the final product of nitrate reduction [ 56 , 57 ]. Further work to quantify the relationship between HT L. plantarum CECT9161 and nitrogen metabolites in saliva would confirm whether the increased functional capacity for denitrification associated with HT L. plantarum CECT9161 translates to a physiological effect [ 60 ]. Other associations were found between HT L. plantarum CECT9161 and microbiome functional potential that could be related to an oral health effect.…”

Assessing non-protein nitrogen sources in commercial dry dog foods

“…Upon ingestion, much of the nitrate is converted into nitrite as a result of a combination of low pH, microbial population, and salivary enzymes in the mouth ( Sukuroglu et al, 2015 ). As the nitrite moves through the gastrointestinal system, it can undergo cycling and be converted back into nitrate, converted into other nitrogenous compounds, or be excreted as nitrite ( Fritsch et al, 1985 ). In contrast, there was a negative relationship observed between crude protein and urine nitrate in dogs.…”