Excretion and residue depletion of cannabinoids in beef cattle fed hempseed cake for 111 days

Smith, David J.; Serum, Eric M.; Winders, Thomas; Neville, B. W.; Herges, Grant R.; Dahlen, Carl R; Swanson, K. C.

doi:10.1080/19440049.2023.2187645

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The LODs of the cannabinoids ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 ng/mL, while the LOQ ranged from 0.25 to 0.5 ng/mL. Our method demonstrated higher analytical sensitivity for target cannabinoids, such as THC, in cattle plasma compared to previous studies that analyzed these cannabinoids in livestock, which were feed hemp or CBD‐derived materials [8, 17–21, 30]. Additionally, our developed method utilized smaller or comparable sample sizes and reduced analysis run time, as indicated in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, multiple research studies have been conducted to investigate the transfer of cannabinoids from hemp-related diets to livestock tissues and products [8,[17][18][19][20][21]. Several of these studies have observed the transfer of acidic cannabinoids from hemp feed to cattle blood plasma [8,17,18]. However, THC was not detected in these studies, possibly due to the use of low daily doses of hemp plants (e.g., 25-35 g) or hemp materials with relatively low cannabinoid content (e.g., hempseed cake).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) methods have been widely employed for the analysis of cannabinoids in cannabis and biological samples [14][15][16]. Recently, multiple research studies have been conducted to investigate the transfer of cannabinoids from hemp-related diets to livestock tissues and products [8,[17][18][19][20][21]. Several of these studies have observed the transfer of acidic cannabinoids from hemp feed to cattle blood plasma [8,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method for quantification of cannabinoids and their metabolites in plasma of cattle fed hemp

Xu,

Murphy

2023

J of Separation Science

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Hemp‐based materials have gained interest as alternative feed ingredients for livestock. However, safety concerns arise regarding the transfer of cannabinoids from the plant to the animals. Addressing these concerns requires the use of methods capable of detecting and quantifying cannabinoids in livestock. In this study, a fast and sensitive method was developed for quantification of cannabinoids and cannabinoid metabolites in cattle plasma using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). The extraction of cannabinoids from the plasma matrix was achieved by combining the Captiva Enhanced Matrix Removal‐Lipid clean‐up and salting‐out assisted liquid–liquid extraction procedure. The developed method underwent validation using various analytical parameters, and the results demonstrated good accuracy, precision, specificity, and high sensitivity. The method was applied to real plasma samples obtained from cattle fed hemp for 2 weeks, and successfully detected various cannabinoids, including delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol. Furthermore, the study revealed that 7‐carboxy cannabidiol, a metabolite of cannabidiol, was the predominant cannabinoid present in the cattle plasma throughout the feeding period, which could remain detectable for weeks after the hemp feeding had ended.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method for quantification of cannabinoids and their metabolites in plasma of cattle fed hemp

Xu,

Murphy

2023

J of Separation Science

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“…The DDGS diet contained (DM basis) 55% dry rolled corn, 20% corn silage, 20% DDGS, and 5% supplement, and the hempseed cake diet contained the same ingredients, except hempseed cake replaced DDGS. At the end of the 111 day feeding period, heifers were slaughtered on day 5 across a 9 day (days 112-120) period to explore the effects of hempseed cake withdrawal period (0, 1, 4, 7, and 8 days) on tissue residue depletion of cannabinoids (Smith et al 2023). Due to technical difficulties, no hemp-fed heifers were slaughtered on day 7 of withdrawal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of feeding hempseed cake on pancreatic and jejunal digestive enzymatic activity in finishing heifers

et al. 2023

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To evaluate the effects of feeding hempseed cake on digestive enzymes, s-crossbred heifers (n = 32; 494 ± 10 kg body weight) were fed diets containing 20% (dry matter basis) dried corn distillers grains plus solubles or hempseed cake for 111 days. There was greater (P = 0.05) pancreatic mass relative to body weight in heifers fed hempseed cake. No differences (P ≥ 0.19) in digestive enzyme activity in the pancreas (α-amylase, trypsin, and lipase) and jejunum (maltase, glucoamylase, and isomaltase) were observed between treatments. Our results suggest that feeding hempseed cake did not influence digestive enzyme activity.

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Bioavailability of bioactive phytochemicals in selected tissues and excreta from goats fed hempseed cake (Cannabis sativa L.) finisher diets

Semwogerere

Chikwanha

Katiyatiya

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Hempseeds are rich in bioactive phytochemicals, yet little is known about their bioavailability in tissues and excreta of animals fed hemp seed cake. The study evaluated the bioactive phytochemicals and their antioxidant activity in the blood, liver, meat, feces, and urine from goats fed finishing diets containing graded inclusions of hempseed cake (HSC). Twenty-five wether goats (26.8 ± 2.9 kg) of 4–5 months were randomly allocated to five experimental diets containing increasing levels of HSC (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 g/kg DM) substituted for soybean meal (SBM) as the main protein source. Goats were allowed for period of 21 days for adaptation, and blood, fecal, and urine samples were collected on the 28th day of the experiment. The liver and right longissimus thoracis et lumborum were respectively collected at 60 min and 24 h after slaughter. Linear increases (P ≤ 0.05) in blood, liver, and urine magnesium; fecal manganese; and fecal copper were observed with increasing HSC inclusion in the diet. Liver and fecal selenium exhibited a decreasing linear trend (P ≤ 0.05) with HSC increment in diets. Diet did not affect (P > 0.05) meat and urine mineral contents, except urine magnesium. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) of the blood, liver, and meat linearly increased (P ≤ 0.05) with dietary inclusion of HSC. Blood and liver ferric reducing antioxidant power quadratically increased (P ≤ 0.05) with HSC inclusion reaching a maximum at 50 g/kg dry matter. Current results suggest that inclusion of HSC up to 100 g/kg substituting SBM in goat diets can improve bioavailability of bioactive phytochemicals in the blood, liver, and meat.

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Excretion and residue depletion of cannabinoids in beef cattle fed hempseed cake for 111 days

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Fast and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method for quantification of cannabinoids and their metabolites in plasma of cattle fed hemp

Fast and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method for quantification of cannabinoids and their metabolites in plasma of cattle fed hemp

The effects of feeding hempseed cake on pancreatic and jejunal digestive enzymatic activity in finishing heifers

Bioavailability of bioactive phytochemicals in selected tissues and excreta from goats fed hempseed cake (Cannabis sativa L.) finisher diets

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