Exciting Enzymes: Current State and Future Perspective of Photobiocatalysis

Abstract

The recent increase of interest in photocatalysis spread to biocatalysis and triggered a rush for the development of lightdependent enzyme-mediated or enzyme-coupled processes. After several years of intense research on photobiocatalysis, it is time to evaluate the state of the field in a structured manner. In this Perspective, we suggest to group photobiocatalysis into distinct disciplines and provide principal guidelines and standards for the reporting of photobiocatalytic research results as well as advice on performing photobiocatalytic reactions. Over-all, we assess that the field contributes to the diversity of biocatalytic reactions while offering the selectivity of enzymes to photocatalysis. We foresee that the ongoing excitement for light-dependent enzymatic processes will lead to the discovery of novel photobiocatalytic mechanisms to complement biocatalysis with new bond-forming reactions and will provide additional innovative strategies to utilize light as a possible benign energy source.

Photochemistry in Pharmaceutical Development: A Survey of Strategies and Approaches to Industry-wide Implementation

“…An emerging area in process chemistry that is not discussed here is photobiocatalytic transformation, which is currently a hot topic within precompetitive discussions. ,, …”

“…An emerging area in process chemistry that is not discussed here is photobiocatalytic transformation, which is currently a hot topic within precompetitive discussions. 35,82,83 Rationale for Using Photochemistry in Discovery and Process Groups. In discovery chemistry, the most common rationale for the use of photochemistry was that it was the most appropriate method for the given transformation (40%) (Table 4).…”

Hybrid catalysis for enantioselective Baeyer–Villiger oxidation and stereoselective epoxidation: a Cp*Ir complex to fuel FMN and FAD reduction for flavoprotein monooxygenase modules

“…A promising approach for recycling nicotinamide cofactors is the use of a hybrid photocatalyst–enzyme system with a light-harvesting photocatalyst to provide reducing equivalents. 27,28 However, efficient photocatalysts have yet to be discovered, so research into simple catalyst–enzyme hybrid systems is still relevant, especially as some of the difficulties to be overcome are similar.…”

3D printing for flow biocatalysis

“…For biocatalysis, a highly controlled microenvironment in a conned space is required, that can be translated to a chemically modied scaffold to host the biocatalyst, a dened reaction chamber with sufficient nutrients or substrates supply, or a specially designed reactor that could serve special needs like light penetration in photobiocatalysis. 16,17 3D printing can do all of these. 3D-printed parts have been elaborated in all stages of a continuous ow biocatalytic process: (i) the reactor itself, (ii) the support material for biocatalyst connement, or (iii) the peripheral accessories that can establish a highly controlled process.…”